Synthesis and binding affinities of fluoroalkylated raloxifenes
摘要:
Three fluoroalkylated derivatives (1-3) of the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), raloxifene, have been synthesized. The key step in the synthesis is the C-C bond formation of benzo[b]thiophene and a substituted phenyl group (ring C) using a Stille reaction. The in vitro binding affinities of the substituted raloxifenes 1-3 are 45, 60, 89%, respectively, relative to the affinity of estradiol, which is higher than the affinity of raloxifene itself (25%). When labeled with the positron-emitting radio-nuclide, these compounds might be useful as PET imaging agents for estrogen receptor-positive breast tumors. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synthesis, Radiosynthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Carbon-11 and Fluorine-18 Labeled Reboxetine Analogues: Potential Positron Emission Tomography Radioligands for in Vivo Imaging of the Norepinephrine Transporter
作者:Fanxing Zeng、Jiyoung Mun、Nachwa Jarkas、Jeffrey S. Stehouwer、Ronald J. Voll、Gilles D. Tamagnan、Leonard Howell、John R. Votaw、Clinton D. Kilts、Charles B. Nemeroff、Mark M. Goodman
DOI:10.1021/jm800817h
日期:2009.1.8
Reboxetine analogues with methyl and fluoroalkyl substituents at position 2 of the phenoxy ring 1-4 were synthesized. In vitro competition binding with [H-3]nisoxetine demonstrated that 1-4 have a high affinity for the norepinephrine transporter (NET) with K-i's = 1.02, 3.14, 3.68, and 0.30 nM, respectively. MicroPET imaging in rhesus monkeys showed that the relative regional distribution of [C-11]1 and [C-11]4 is consistent with distribution of the NET in the brain, while [F-18]2 and [F-18]3 showed only slight regional differentiation in brain uptake. Especially, the highest ratios of uptake of [C-11]1in NET-rich regions to that in caudate were obtained at 1.30-1.45 at 45 min and remained relatively constant over 85 min. Pretreatment of the monkey with the selective NET inhibitor, desipramine, decreased the specific binding for both ["C]l and [C-11]4. PET imaging in awake monkeys suggested that anesthesia influenced the binding potential of [C-11]1 and [C-11]4 at the NET.
C−F Bond Cleavage by Intramolecular S<sub>N</sub>2 Reaction of Alkyl Fluorides with O- and N-Nucleophiles
作者:Laijun Zhang、Wei Zhang、Jun Liu、Jinbo Hu
DOI:10.1021/jo802819p
日期:2009.4.3
The nucleophilicsubstitution of alkyl fluorides was achieved in the intramolecular reactions with O- and N-nucleophiles. The intramolecular defluorinative cyclization reaction was influenced by the nature of nucleophiles, the size of the ring to be formed, and the comformational rigidity of the precursors. Intermolecular nucleophilicsubstitution reactions of alkyl fluorides under similar reaction
在与O-和N-亲核试剂的分子内反应中实现了烷基氟化物的亲核取代。分子内脱氟环化反应受亲核试剂的性质,要形成的环的大小以及前体的构象刚性的影响。发现在相似的反应条件下烷基氟化物的分子间亲核取代反应是困难的。当前C-F键断裂反应的立体化学研究显示出完全的构型反转,这支持了分子内S N 2反应机理。
Synthesis and binding affinities of fluoroalkylated raloxifenes
作者:Kyo Chul Lee、Byung Seok Moon、Jae Hak Lee、Kyoo-Hyun Chung、John A Katzenellenbogen、Dae Yoon Chi
DOI:10.1016/s0968-0896(03)00362-6
日期:2003.8
Three fluoroalkylated derivatives (1-3) of the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), raloxifene, have been synthesized. The key step in the synthesis is the C-C bond formation of benzo[b]thiophene and a substituted phenyl group (ring C) using a Stille reaction. The in vitro binding affinities of the substituted raloxifenes 1-3 are 45, 60, 89%, respectively, relative to the affinity of estradiol, which is higher than the affinity of raloxifene itself (25%). When labeled with the positron-emitting radio-nuclide, these compounds might be useful as PET imaging agents for estrogen receptor-positive breast tumors. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.