Electrochemical degradation of butyltrimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide for lithium battery applications
作者:Christopher L. Klug、Nicholas J. Bridges、Ann E. Visser、Stephen L. Crump、Eliel Villa-Aleman
DOI:10.1039/c4nj00355a
日期:——
Ionic liquids (ILs) are being considered as electrolytes for lithium ion batteries due to their low volatility, high thermal stability, and wide electrochemical windows which are stable at the strongly reducing potentials present in Li/Li+ batteries. Lithium metal deposition occurs under strongly reducing conditions and the effect that Li metal and any overpotential has on the stability of ILs is important in furthering the application of ILs in lithium based batteries. Here, N-butyl-N-trimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide was exposed to various potential differences in order to collect and characterize the volatile products. The IL produced more volatile products when exposed to strong reducing potentials which included reactive products such as hydrogen, alkanes, and amines. Water is a known contributor to hydrogen production in reducing environments, but the IL is also a source of hydrogen. If Li+ was present, the preferred pathway of reduction was plating of the lithium onto the working electrode, thus decreasing the reaction rate of degraded ILs.
离子液体(IL)挥发性低、热稳定性高、电化学窗口宽,在锂/锂+电池的强还原电位下保持稳定,因此正被考虑用作锂离子电池的电解质。锂金属沉积是在强还原条件下发生的,因此锂金属和任何过电位对锂离子电解质稳定性的影响对于促进锂离子电解质在锂电池中的应用非常重要。在这里,N-丁基-N-三甲基双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺铵暴露在不同的电位差下,以收集挥发性产物并确定其特性。当暴露于强还原电位时,IL 会产生更多的挥发性产物,其中包括氢、烷烃和胺等活性产物。众所周知,水是还原环境中产生氢的一个因素,但 IL 也是氢的来源。如果存在 Li+,首选的还原途径是将锂电镀到工作电极上,从而降低降解 IL 的反应速率。
Benzimidazoles
申请人:Edwards L. Michael
公开号:US20060014756A1
公开(公告)日:2006-01-19
The invention is directed to physiologically active compounds of the general formula (Ix)
and compositions containing such compounds, and their prodrugs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates of such compounds and their prodrugs, as well as to novel compounds within the scope of formula (Ix), and to processes for their preparation. Such compounds and compositions have valuable pharmaceutical properties, in particular the ability to inhibit kinases.