Chitosan functionalized by citric acid: an efficient catalyst for one-pot synthesis of 2,4-diamino-5<i>H</i>-[1]benzopyrano[2,3-<i>b</i>]pyridine-3-carbonitriles 5-(arylthio) or 5-[(arylmethyl)thio] substituted
ABSTRACT Chitosan (CS) functionalized by citric acid has been used as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of 2,4-diamino-5H-[1]benzopyrano[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carbonitriles 5-(arylthio) or 5-[(arylmethyl)thio] substituted by a multicomponent reaction of salicylaldehydes, thiols and 2 equiv. of malononitrile under reflux condition in ethanol. Use of simple and readily available starting materials
MCRs for preparation of chromenopyridines under reflux conditions and chromenes at room temperature conditions from different salicylaldehydes, malononitrile and different thiols (mol ratio = 1:2:1) were established. Mechanistic investigation suggests that the MCRs undergo different pathways at different temperatures and catalyzed by different organic bases. The structure of chromenopyridine and chromene are confirmed by crystal X-ray crystallography. (C) 2014 Kai Guo. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-Mediated, One-Pot, Multicomponent Synthesis of Medicinally Potent Pyridine and Chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine Scaffolds
作者:Sarita Mishra、Rina Ghosh
DOI:10.1080/00397911.2011.555284
日期:2012.8.1
An efficient one-pot, multicomponent synthesis of 3,5-dicyanopyridines has been developed from the reaction of malononitrile and different thiophenol or thiols with a variety of aldehydes (aromatic including hindered ones, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic) in the presence of 20 mol% of K2CO3 in refluxing 50% aqeuous ethanol. KMnO4 has been utilized as a readily available, inexpensive oxidant for the in situ transformation of the initially formed dihydropyridine intermediate. K2CO3 also mediates the one-pot formation of chromeno[2,3-b]pyridines from reaction of salicylaldehyde or its analogs with malononitrile and thiol or thiophenols. Both of these conditions also work equally well under 50-fold scale-up conditions.Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications (R) to view the free supplemental file.
Highly efficient synthesis of benzopyranopyridines via ZrP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>nanoparticles catalyzed multicomponent reactions of salicylaldehydes with malononitrile and thiols
ZrP2O7 nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst have been used for the preparation of benzopyrano[2,3-b]pyridines from the four-component condensation reaction of salicylalde-hydes, thiols, and 2 equiv. of malononitrile under reflux conditions in ethanol in excellent yields and short reaction times.[GRAPHICS].