开发了二苯并[ e , g ]异吲哚-1-酮的灵活合成方法。二苯并[ e , g ]异吲哚-1-酮代表生物吲哚并[2,3- a ]吡咯并[3,4- c ]咔唑-5-酮(吲哚并咔唑)的简化苯类似物,这些化合物已被证明具有广泛的用途生物活性。标题化合物的合成涉及特特拉姆酸磺酸盐。通过 Suzuki-Miyaura 交叉偶联反应在杂环的 C4 处引入不同的芳基。最后,由苯碘(III)双(三氟乙酸酯)(PIFA)介导的温和Scholl型氧化环化将后面的一些化合物转化为相应的二苯并[ e , g ]异吲哚-1-酮。对氧化环化的系统研究揭示了以下反应活性趋势:3,4-二甲氧基苯基≫3-甲氧基苯基>3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基>4-甲氧基苯基≈苯基。总体而言,氧化环化需要至少两个甲氧基分布在芳环中,其中至少一个必须位于环化位点的对位。
Design and Syntheses of Permethyl Ningalin B Analogues: Potent Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Reversal Agents of Cancer Cells
摘要:
A series of novel N-arylalkyl-3,4-diaryl-substituted pyrrole-2,5-diones were synthesized. They exhibited promising P-gp modulating activity in a P-gp overexpressing breast cancer cell line (LCC6MDR). Compound 6 (with three methoxy groups at D-ring) displayed the highest P-gp modulating activity. 6 at 1 mu M can sensitize LCC6MDR cells toward paclitaxel by 18.2-fold. Interestingly, a synergy on modulating P-gp was noted when 6 and 25 were used together (fractional inhibitory concentration index FICI = 0.42). Combination of 6 (0.5 mu M) and 25 (0.5 mu M) resulted in a 66-fold sensitization of LCC6MDR cells toward paclitaxel. They also reversed P-gp mediated doxorubicin (DOX) and vincristine resistance. Kinetic characterization suggests that permethyl ningalin B analogues likely act as a noncompetitive inhibitor of P-gp-mediated DOX transport (K-i = 5.4-5.8 mu M). The present study demonstrates that synthetic analogues of permethyl ningalin B can be employed as effective and safe modulators of P-gp-mediated drug resistance in cancer cells.