Copper-catalyzed oxidative C‒H, N‒H coupling of azoles and thiophenes
摘要:
C-H, N-H coupling of azole and thiophene derivatives takes place in the presence of a catalytic amount of Cu(OAc)(2) and an additive. The reaction of azoles smoothly occurs with several amines and amides catalyzed by 20 mol % of Cu(OAc)(2)-2PPh(3) and 4 equiv of NaOAc under O-2 or in the presence of Ag2CO3 under N-2. The coupling reaction leads to a facile synthesis of a N-substituted analogue of 2,5-diarylthiazole, which shows photoluminescent properties with extended pi-conjugation. Spectroscopic characteristics of the obtained thiazole derivatives are discussed by measurements of UV-vis absorption and photoluminescent spectra. Under the reaction conditions using Ag2CO3 as an additive and Cu(OAc)2-2PPh3 as a catalyst, thiophene derivatives also react with 2-pyrrolidone to undergo C-H, N-H amidation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
solvent, the reactions could be performed in yields ranging from 40 to 70%. Most of the products were tested for their antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxic (MCF-7) activity. Xanthone, thioxanthone, fluorenone, benzophenone, 2-benzoylpyridine, dibenzofuran, and dibenzothiophene were deprotonated using a base prepared in situ from MCl2·TMEDA (M = Zn or Cd; TMEDA = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine)