Polyolefin-substituted amines grafted with poly (aromatic-N-monomers) for oleaginous compositions
申请人:EXXON CHEMICAL PATENTS INC.
公开号:EP0432941A2
公开(公告)日:1991-06-19
Novel polymers comprising polyolefin-substituted amines grafted with aromatic N-containing monomers such as aniline, have been found to provide oil soluble polymers which have dispersant and antioxidant properties in oleaginous compositions, including fuel and lubricating oils, and also which are useful in electrical applications. These materials are formed by a process which comprises: (a) contacting an amine compound having at least two reactive nitrogen moieties with at least one long chain hydrocarbon-substituted reactant in an amount and under conditions sufficient to form a N-containing polymer adduct containing reactive amine groups, and (b) contacting the N-containing polymer adduct with at least one aromatic N-containing monomer under polymerization conditions to graft said N-containing polymer adduct with aromatic N-containing polymer segments. The long chain hydrocarbon-substituted reactant can comprise materials such as (i) long chain hydrocarbons substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid, anhydride or ester groups; (ii) halogenated long chain hydrocarbons; (iii) mixtures of formaldehyde and a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted phenol; and (iv) mixtures of formaldehyde and a reaction product formed by reaction of long chain hydrocarbons substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid, anhydride or ester groups and an amino-substituted, optionally hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol.
现已发现,由聚烯烃取代胺与芳香族含 N 单体(如苯胺)接枝而成的新型聚合物可提供油溶性聚合物,这种聚合物在含油组合物(包括燃料油和润滑油)中具有分散剂和抗氧化剂特性,在电气应用中也很有用。这些材料是通过以下工艺形成的:(a) 将具有至少两个活性氮分子的胺化合物与至少一种长链烃取代反应物接触,接触量和接触条件足以形成含有活性胺基团的含 N 聚合物加合物;(b) 在聚合条件下,将含 N 聚合物加合物与至少一种含 N 芳香族单体接触,使所述含 N 聚合物加合物与含 N 芳香族聚合物段接枝。长链烃取代的反应物可包括以下材料:(i) 被单羧酸或二羧酸、酸酐或酯基取代的长链碳氢化合物;(ii) 卤化长链碳氢化合物;(iii) 甲醛和长链烃基取代的苯酚的混合物;(iv) 甲醛与被一元或二元羧酸、酐或酯基团取代的长链烃和氨基取代的、可选烃基取代的苯酚反应生成的反应产物的混合物。