Antimalarial Activity of Compounds Interfering with <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Phospholipid Metabolism: Comparison between Mono- and Bisquaternary Ammonium Salts
作者:Michèle Calas、Marie L. Ancelin、Gérard Cordina、Philippe Portefaix、Gilles Piquet、Valérie Vidal-Sailhan、Henri Vial
DOI:10.1021/jm9911027
日期:2000.2.1
compounds decreased slightly. The structural requirements for bisquaternary ammonium salts in antimalarial activity were very similar to those of monoquaternary ammonium salts, i.e. polar head steric hindrance and lipophilicity around nitrogen (methyl, hydroxyethyl, ethyl, pyrrolidinium, etc.). In contrast, with bisquaternary ammonium salts, increasing the lipophilicity of the alkyl chain between the two nitrogen
在先前的结构-活性关系研究的基础上,我们确定了一些必要的参数,例如电负性和亲脂性,它们是极性头类似物抑制恶性疟原虫磷脂代谢,从而导致寄生虫死亡的必要条件。为了提高体外抗疟活性,合成了36种由单,双和三季铵盐组成的阳离子胆碱类似物,它们具有增加亲脂性的独特取代基。对于单季铵盐,氮附近亲脂性的增加有利于抗疟活性:IC(50)从三甲基取代为三丙基取代基降低了一个数量级。不论极性头取代(甲基,乙基,羟乙基,吡咯烷鎓),将烷基链长度从6个亚甲基增加到12个总是导致活性增加。对于氮的N,N,N-三丙基-N-十二烷基取代(IC(50)33 nM)获得了最高的活性。除12个亚甲基外,化合物的抗疟活性略有下降。双季铵盐在抗疟疾活性方面的结构要求与单季铵盐的结构要求非常相似,即极性头的位阻和氮(甲基,羟乙基,乙基,吡咯烷鎓等)周围的亲脂性。相反,对于双季铵盐,不断增加两个氮原子之间的烷基链(从5个亚甲基到21