Palladium-Catalyzed C-Allylation of Benzoins and an NHC-Catalyzed Three Component Coupling Derived Thereof: Compatibility of NHC- and Pd-Catalysts
摘要:
A large range of benzoins was successfully applied as C-nucleophiles in the palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation with several allyl acetates, resulting in functionalized tertiary homoallylic alcohols. A number of unsymmetrical benzoins can be coupled with high levels of regio- and chemoselectivity. Finally, the challenging compatibility of free N-heterocyclic carbenes with a palladium catalyst has been utilized in a number of metal- and organocatalyzed three-component coupling reactions.
Photo-allylation and photo-benzylation of carbonyl compounds using organotrifluoroborate reagents
作者:Yutaka Nishigaichi、Takayuki Orimi、Akio Takuwa
DOI:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.08.011
日期:2009.11
Allyl- and benzyl-trifluoroborates can be applied to the photoreaction of carbonylcompounds to afford the corresponding alcoholic adducts in acceptable yields via a photo-induced single electron transfer pathway. The results were confirmed from the reaction selectivity and the negative free energy change for the electron transfer process.
Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Allylation of α-Diketones via the Fluorosilicate Route
作者:Rainer Gewald、Mitsuo Kira、Hideki Sakurai
DOI:10.1055/s-1996-4151
日期:1996.1
Allylation of enolizable α-diketones with allyltrifluorosilanes in the presence of triethylamine gave the corresponding tertiary homoallyl alcohols in good yield in a highly regio- and stereospecific manner. The reaction proceeds as diallylation with allyltrifluorosilanes yielding the 1,2-diols with high diastereoselectivity. The more sterically demanding crotyl- and prenyltrifluorosilanes lead exclusively to monoallylated products with the allyl group being added γ-regioselectively. In addition, highly diastereoselective crotylation was observed in the formation of the monoallylated α-hydroxy ketones. Asymmetric α-diketones were generally allylated at the less enolized ketone group except when both diketone and allylsilane were sterically hindered.
Hypervalency (pentacoordination) of silicon atom enhanced photoallylation of 1,2-diketones with allylsilicon reagents, while normal tetracoordinated ones could not. This reaction seems to proceed via photoinduced electron transfer from the silicon reagent to the photoexcited ketone judged from its reactivity and selectivity. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.