在叔丁醇钾和有机分子作为催化剂存在的情况下,已经开发出一种涉及邻卤代N芳基苄胺的“无过渡金属”分子内联芳基偶合的方法。该反应似乎通过KO t Bu促进的分子内均溶芳族取代(HAS)进行。有趣的是,这种联芳基偶合在叔丁醇钾作为唯一促进剂的情况下也起作用。在进一步扩展我们的方法时,我们发现N-酰基2-溴-N-芳基苄胺经历了一锅N-脱保护/联芳基偶联,然后进行氧化,因此提供了通往菲啶和苯并[ c ]菲啶骨架的快速途径。该策略已被应用于简明的金莲花科生物碱的合成。oxoassoanine(1B),anhydrolycorinone(1D),5,6- dihydrobicolorine(2D),trispheridine(2B),和苯并[ C ^ ]菲啶生物碱dihydronitidine(图3b),dihydrochelerythidine(3D),dihydroavicine(3F),norni
Enantioselective [3+2] coupling of cyclic enamides with quinonemonoimines was realised using a chiralphosphoricacid as a catalyst. This transformation allowed for the synthesis of highly enantioenriched polycyclic 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans...
Direct arylation of cyclic enamides via Pd(ii)-catalyzed C–H activation
作者:Hai Zhou、Wan-Jun Chung、Yun-He Xu、Teck-Peng Loh
DOI:10.1039/b903151k
日期:——
A new direct coupling of cyclic enamides with aryl boronic acids viaPd(II)-catalyzed CâH functionalization has been achieved with good yields (up to 90%).
Synthesis of hindered secondary amines via Grignard reagent addition to ketonitrones
作者:Martin A. Schwartz、Xiufeng Hu
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)91707-6
日期:1992.3
Grignard reagents add to ketonitrones in a nonpolar solvent to afford N,N-dialkylhydroxylamines in good yields and with little competing proton transfer. Deoxygenation of the crude hydroxylamines with carbon disulfide then completes an efficient general synthetic route to hindered sec-alkyl-tert-alkylamines and to di-tert-alkylamines.
The role of human and mouse Y chromosome genes in male infertility
作者:Nabeel A. Affara、M. J. Mitchell
DOI:10.1007/bf03343787
日期:2000.11
It was suggested by Ronald Fisher in 1931 that genes involved in benefit to the male (including spermatogenesis genes) would accumulate on the Y chromosome. The analysis of mouse Y chromosome deletions and the discovery of microdeletions of the human Y chromosome associated with diverse defective spermatogenic phenotypes has revealed the presence of intervals containing one or more genes controlling male germ cell differentiation. These intervals have been mapped, cloned and examined in detail for functional genes. This review discusses the genes mapping to critical spermatogenesis intervals and the evidence indicating which are the most likely candidates underlying Y-linked male infertility. (C) 2000, Editrice Kurtis.
Pd-Catalyzed Semmler–Wolff Reactions for the Conversion of Substituted Cyclohexenone Oximes to Primary Anilines
作者:Wan Pyo Hong、Andrei V. Iosub、Shannon S. Stahl
DOI:10.1021/ja4073172
日期:2013.9.18
Homogeneous Pd catalysts have been identified for the conversion of cyclohexenone and tetralone O-pivaloyl oximes to the corresponding primary anilines and 1-aminonaphthalenes. This method is inspired by the Semmler-Wolff reaction, a classic method that exhibits limited synthetic utility owing to its forcing conditions, narrow scope, and low product yields. The oxime N-O bond undergoes oxidative addition to Pd-0(PCy3)(2), and the product of this step has been characterized by X-ray crystallography and shown to undergo dehydrogenation to afford the aniline product.