申请人:Coleman P. James
公开号:US20050054871A1
公开(公告)日:2005-03-10
N-phosphonomethylamines are produced by reaction of an amine substrate with a halomethylphosphonic acid or salt thereof, a hydroxymethylphosphonic acid or salt thereof, or a dehydrated self-ester dimer, trimer or oligomer of hydroxymethylphosphonic acid. Among the products that may be prepared according to the process are N-phosphonomethylaminocarboxylic acids such as (e.g.) glyphosate, N-phosphonomethylaminoalkanols such as (e.g.) hydroxyethlaminomethylphosphonic acid, and N-acylaminomethylphosphonic acids such as (e.g.) N-carbamylaminomethylphosphonic acid. Certain reactions are conducted with a substantial excess of amine reactant in order to drive the conversion while avoiding excessive formation of bis(N-phosphonomethyl)amine by-products. Other reactions use a secondary amine substrate (such as iminodiacetic acid) and can be conducted at substantial equimolar ratios of halomethylaminomethylphosphonic acid or hydroxyaminomethylphosphonic acid to secondary amine reactant without significant formation of bis(phosphonomethyl)amine by-products. Further disclosed is a process for the preparation of hydroxymethylphosphonic acid self-ester dimers, trimers and oligomers by azeotropic dehydration.
N-磷酸甲基胺类物质是通过将胺底物与卤代甲基膦酸或其盐、羟甲基膦酸或其盐或羟甲基膦酸的脱水自酯二聚体、三聚体或寡聚体反应而制得。根据该过程可以制备的产品包括N-磷酸甲基氨基羧酸,如草甘膦,N-磷酸甲基氨基醇,如羟乙基氨甲基膦酸和N-酰基氨基甲基膦酸,如N-氨基甲基膦酸。某些反应在过量胺反应物的情况下进行,以推动转化而避免过多的双(N-磷酸甲基)胺副产物的形成。其他反应使用次级胺底物(例如亚氨基乙酸)并且可以在卤代甲基氨基膦酸或羟基氨基膦酸与次级胺底物的实质等摩尔比下进行,而不会显著形成双(磷酸甲基)胺副产物。此外,还公开了一种通过共沸脱水制备羟甲基膦酸自酯二聚体、三聚体和寡聚体的方法。