申请人:PLURICHEMIE ANSTALT
公开号:EP0072200A2
公开(公告)日:1983-02-16
A process for the preparation of corticosteroid esters of the formula
wherein
--- signifies that a double bond can be present;
X is hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine;
R1 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or methyl, which may be either a or β;
R2 is halogen, oxo, i.e. ketonic oxygen, or hydroxyl;
R3 is hydrogen, a-methyl or β-methyl;
R4 is an acyl group of the formula RCO, in which R is one of the following:
i) an alkyl group containing 1 to 16 carbon atoms, whether straight-chained, branched or cyclic;
ii) an aralkyl group of 7 to 8 carbon atoms; or
iii) a phenyl group;
R5 is hydroxyl or R6; where
R6 is hydrogen, halogen, two halogen atom substituents or
OR7, where R7 is an acyl group of the formula R'CO in which
R', which can be identical or different to R in the same molecule, is one of the following:
i) an alkyl group containing 1 to 16 carbon atoms, whether straight-chained, branched or cyclic;
ii) an aralkyl group of 7 to 8 carbon atoms; or
iii) a phenyl group;
which comprises esterifying a compound of the formula
wherein X, R1, R3 and R5 are as defined above, and
R8 is trihaloacetate, halogen or oxo;
at the 17-position only, or at the 17-and 21-positions when R5, in formula III, is hydroxyl, the said esterification being carried out with the anhydride of the acid containing the group it is desired to enter at the 17- position, or at the 17- and 21- positions, together with a pair of strong acids; and if desired eliminating immediately thereafter any 11-trihaloacetate substituent, to form a compound of formula I, wherein R2 is hydroxyl, Rs is R6, and X, R1, R3 and R4 are as defined above; or when R8 is halogen or oxo and R5 is R6, isolating a compound of formula I after the said esterification; or treating a compound of formula IV from the esterification
wherein R5 is R6, by eliminating the 11-trihaloacetate group therefrom by reaction, in the presence of a lower alcohol, with an organic amine (other than one in which the nitrogen forms part of an aromatic ring), or ammonia gas dissolved in a suitable anhydrous solvent, or ammonium hydroxide or hydrazine, to produce a compound of formula I wherein R2 is hydroxyl, R5 is R6 and X, R1, R3 and R4 are as defined from formula I; or by so eliminating the 11-trihaloacetate group from a compound of formula
wherein X, R1 and R3 are as defined forformula I; R9 is an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and R10 is a hydrocarbon group comprising one of the following:
i) an alkyl group of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, whether straight-chained, branched or cyclic;
ii) an aralkyl group of7 to 8 carbon atoms; or
iii) a phenyl group;
to form a compound of formula 1, wherein R2 and R5 are both hydroxyls, and R1, R3, R4 and X are as defined for formula I.
一种制备式中皮质类
固醇酯的工艺
式中
----表示可以存在双键;
X 是氢、
氟或
氯;
R1 是氢、
氟、
氯或甲基,甲基可以是 a 或 β;
R2 是卤素、氧(即酮氧)或羟基;
R3 是氢、a-甲基或 β-甲基;
R4 是式 RCO 的酰基,其中 R 是下列物质之一:
i) 含 1 至 16 个碳原子的烷基,无论是直链、支链还是环状;
含 7 至 8 个碳原子的芳烷基;或
iii) 苯基;
R5 是羟基或 R6;其中
R6 是氢、卤素、两个卤原子取代基或
OR7,其中 R7 是式 R'CO 的酰基,其中
R'(在同一分子中可以与 R 相同或不同)是下列物质之一:
i) 含 1 至 16 个碳原子的烷基,无论是直链、支链还是环状;
含 7 至 8 个碳原子的芳烷基;或
iii) 苯基;
其中包括酯化式中的化合物
其中 X、R1、R3 和 R5 如上定义,以及
R8 是三卤
乙酸酯、卤素或氧代;
仅在 17 位,或当式 III 中的 R5 为羟基时在 17 和 21 位,上述酯化是用含有希望在 17 位或 17 和 21 位进入的基团的酸酐和一对强酸一起进行的;如果需要,紧接着消除任何 11-三卤
乙酸取代基,形成式 I 化合物,其中 R2 是羟基,Rs 是 R6,X、R1、R3 和 R4 如上所定义;或者当 R8 是卤素或氧代,R5 是 R6 时,在上述酯化反应后分离出式 I 化合物;或者处理酯化反应生成的式 IV 化合物
其中 R5 为 R6,在低级醇存在下,通过与有机胺(氮构成芳香环一部分的胺除外)或溶于合适的无
水溶剂中的
氨气,或氢氧化
铵或
肼反应,消除其中的 11-三卤
乙酸酯基团,生成式 I 化合物 其中 R2 为羟基,R5 为 R6,X、R1、R3 和 R4 如式 I 所定义;或从式 I 化合物中消除 11-三卤
乙酸酯基团
其中 X、R1 和 R3 如式 I 所定义;R9 是 1 至 3 个碳原子的烷基;R10 是由以下物质之一组成的烃基:
i) 1 至 16 个碳原子的烷基,无论是直链、支链还是环状;
7 至 8 个碳原子的芳烷基;或
iii) 苯基;
形成式 1 的化合物,其中 R2 和 R5 均为羟基,R1、R3、R4 和 X 如式 I 所定义。