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碳酸铵 | 506-87-6

中文名称
碳酸铵
中文别名
鹿角盐
英文名称
ammonia, ammonium carbonate
英文别名
Azanium;azane;hydrogen carbonate;azanium;azane;hydrogen carbonate
碳酸铵化学式
CAS
506-87-6
化学式
CHO3*H3N*H4N
mdl
——
分子量
96.0861
InChiKey
PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    58 °C
  • 沸点:
    179.58°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    1.5
  • 蒸气密度:
    2.7 (vs air)
  • 溶解度:
    H2O:0.1 g/mLat 25 °C,澄清,无色
  • LogP:
    -0.809 (est)
  • 物理描述:
    Ammonium carbonate appears as a colorless crystalline solid or a white powder with a strong odor of ammonia. Noncombustible. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment. Used to make other ammonium compounds, in pharmaceuticals, in food processing.
  • 颜色/状态:
    Colorless crystalline powder
  • 气味:
    Strong odor of ammonia
  • 味道:
    Sharp ammoniacal taste
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    Decomposes on exposure to air with lose of ammonia and carbon dioxide, becoming white and powdery and converting into ammonium bicarbonate.
  • 分解:
    Decomposes in hot water, yielding ammonia and carbon dioxide.
  • 气味阈值:
    Less than 5 ppm as ammonia gas

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    0.55
  • 重原子数:
    6
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    59.5
  • 氢给体数:
    4
  • 氢受体数:
    5

ADMET

毒理性
  • 在妊娠和哺乳期间的影响
◉ 母乳喂养期间使用总结:欧洲山茱萸(Rhamnus catharticus)、赤杨叶山茱萸(Rhamnus frangula)和加利福尼亚山茱萸(Rhamnus purshiana)的树皮、茎和叶子含有具有强烈泻药性质的蒽醌。 (不要将这些产品与沙棘[Hippophae rhamnoides]混淆)。母亲摄入这些泻药山茱萸产品可能会导致母乳喂养的婴儿出现稀便,因此应避免使用。 膳食补充剂不需要经过美国食品药品监督管理局的广泛上市前批准。制造商负责确保产品的安全性,但在上市前不需要证明膳食补充剂的安全性和有效性。膳食补充剂可能含有多种成分,标签上的成分或其含量与实际成分或含量之间经常存在差异。制造商可以与独立组织签订合同,以验证产品的质量或其成分,但这并不证明产品的安全或有效性。由于上述问题,一个产品的临床测试结果可能不适用于其他产品。有关膳食补充剂的更详细信息可以在LactMed网站的其它地方找到。 ◉ 对母乳喂养婴儿的影响:在2项非对照研究中,22名母乳喂养婴儿中有10名在母亲服用65毫克泻药制剂(泻药流浸膏)后似乎出现了稀便。 在142名母亲在分娩后第3天服用400毫克泻药提取物的情况下,母乳喂养的婴儿中没有观察到腹泻的病例。 ◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响:截至修订日期,没有找到相关的已发布信息。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:The bark, stems and leaves of European buckthorn (Rhamnus catharticus), alder buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula) and California buckthorn (Rhamnus purshiana) contain anthraquinones that have potent cathartic properties. (Do not confuse these products with sea buckthorn [Hippophae rhamnoides]). Maternal intake of the cathartic buckthorn products might cause loose stools in breastfed infants and their use should be avoided. Dietary supplements do not require extensive pre-marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Manufacturers are responsible to ensure the safety, but do not need to prove the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements before they are marketed. Dietary supplements may contain multiple ingredients, and differences are often found between labeled and actual ingredients or their amounts. A manufacturer may contract with an independent organization to verify the quality of a product or its ingredients, but that does not certify the safety or effectiveness of a product. Because of the above issues, clinical testing results on one product may not be applicable to other products. More detailed information about dietary supplements is available elsewhere on the LactMed Web site. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:In 2 uncontrolled studies, a total of 10 of 22 breastfed infants appeared to have loose stools after administration of 65 mg of cascara as cascara fluidextract to their mothers. No cases of diarrhea were observed among the breastfed infants of 142 mothers who received 400 mg of cascara extract on day 3 postpartum. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
在一项研究中,豚鼠暴露于硫酸(7664939)雾中,存在或不存在碳酸铵(10361292)的情况下,硫酸的致死性降低了。这是由于碳酸铵释放出的氨(7664417)与硫酸反应,从而降低了室内硫酸的浓度...
... In a study in which guinea-pigs were exposed to sulfuric-acid (7664939) mists in the presence or absence of ammonium-carbonate (10361292) the lethality of the sulfuric-acid was reduced. This was due to ammonia (7664417) released from the ammonium-carbonate reacting with the sulfuric-acid, thereby lowering its concentration in the chamber...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
立即急救:确保已经进行了充分去污。如果患者停止呼吸,开始人工呼吸,最好使用需求阀复苏器、气囊面罩装置或口袋面罩,按训练进行操作。如有必要,执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果发生呕吐,让患者向前倾或将其置于左侧(如果可能,头部向下)以保持呼吸道畅通,防止吸入。保持患者安静,维持正常体温。寻求医疗救助。/氨和相关化合物/
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Ammonia and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
基本治疗:建立专利气道(如需要,使用口咽或鼻咽气道)。如有必要,进行吸痰。密切观察呼吸不足的迹象,并在必要时协助通气。通过非重复呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿的迹象并在必要时进行治疗……监测休克的迹象并在必要时进行治疗……对于眼睛污染,立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中,用0.9%的生理盐水(NS)连续冲洗每只眼睛……不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入,如果患者能够吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射并且不流口水,则用水冲洗口腔并给予5毫克/千克,最多200毫升的水进行稀释……不要尝试中和。/氨和相关化合物/
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for signs of pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mg/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Do not attempt to neutralize. /Ammonia and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
高级治疗:对于失去意识、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人,考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用带有气囊-阀-面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……。对于严重的支气管痉挛,考虑给予β激动剂,如沙丁胺醇……。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……。开始静脉输注D5W/SRP:“保持开放”,最低流量/。如果出现低血容量的迹象,使用0.9%的生理盐水(NS)或乳酸钠林格氏液(LR)。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压,谨慎给予液体。如果病人在正常血容量下出现低血压,考虑使用血管加压药。注意液体过载的迹象……。使用丙美卡因盐酸协助眼部冲洗……。/氨及其相关化合物/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Ammonium and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险品标志:
    Xn
  • 安全说明:
    S24/25
  • 危险类别码:
    R22
  • WGK Germany:
    1
  • 海关编码:
    2836994000
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 9084
  • 危险类别:
    9.1
  • RTECS号:
    BP1925000
  • 危险标志:
    GHS07
  • 危险性描述:
    H302
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P301 + P312 + P330

SDS

SDS:05752c163bc2423a8b270305cb4d055e
查看

制备方法与用途

碳酸铵概述

碳酸铵,俗称碳铵,是碳酸的铵盐正盐,分子式为 ((\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3)。纯品为无色或白色立方晶体或粉末,具有强烈的氨臭味。工业品则是碳酸氢铵和氨基甲酸铵的复盐,通常以小块状、片状或粉碎状的形式存在,含有1分子结晶水,有吸湿性,易溶于水,遇热水分解且不溶于乙醇和二硫化碳。在58℃时,碳酸铵会迅速分解为氨、二氧化碳和水。

水中溶解度(g/100ml)

每100毫升水中溶解的克数:

  • 20℃: 100g
相关反应的化学式 在室温下明显分解:

[ (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3 \rightarrow 2\text{NH}_3 + \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} ]

在低温和一定压力下,二氧化碳与氨反应生成碳酸铵:

[ 2\text{NH}_3 + \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3 ]

硫酸铵与碳酸钙的悬浮液在加热下反应制得碳酸铵:

[ (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{CaCO}_3 \rightarrow (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3 + \text{CaSO}_4 ]

尿素在水溶液中也会逐渐与水反应,生成碳酸铵:

[ \text{CO}( \text{NH}_2 )_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3 ]

毒性

如不慎溅入眼内,应迅速用大量清水冲洗。对皮肤有刺激作用,应注意防尘和除尘,保护呼吸器官与皮肤。

化学性质

无光泽斜方晶系结晶粉末,具有强烈的氨气味。一般得不到无水盐,工业品实际上是碳酸氢铵与氨基甲酸铵的复盐,含氨31%,二氧化碳56%。溶于水而不溶于乙醇、二硫化碳及浓氨水中,在空气中不稳定,会逐渐变成碳酸氢铵和氨基甲酸铵。干燥物在58℃下容易分解,释放出氨和二氧化碳;70℃时水溶液开始分解。对光和热均不稳,略具吸湿性。

用途

作为发酵粉、各种铵盐的原料、缓冲剂、印染助剂、肥料以及分析试剂等。食用碳酸铵用作缓冲剂、中和剂、膨松剂及发酵促进剂(制造葡萄酒)。

化学性质与用途补充
  • 用于分析试剂。
  • 作为灭火剂、洗涤剂,应用于医药、橡胶、发酵等行业。
生产方法

碳化法将二氧化碳、氨及蒸汽直接合成碳酸铵。通入冷却室后用水直接冷却,再经精制制成碳酸铵成品。

[ 2\text{NH}_3 + \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow (\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3 ]

类别
  • 有毒物品
  • 毒性分级: 高毒
  • 急性毒性:
    • 小鼠 LD50: 96 毫克/公斤
    • 狗 LDL0: 200 毫克/公斤
可燃性危险特性

高温下产生有毒氮氧化物和氨烟雾。

储运特性

库房通风,低温干燥保存。

灭火剂
  • 干粉、泡沫、砂土、二氧化碳及雾状水。

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    碳酸铵 生成 Ammo-nium uranyl tricarbonate
    参考文献:
    名称:
    RICKELTON, WILLIAM A.
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为产物:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    GLASR, VLADIMIR;VIDENSKY, JAN
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    3-Benzamido-indole-2-carboxamide 、 sodium;hydride碳酸铵二氯甲烷magnesium sulfate乙醚 、 4-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-5H-indolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine 作用下, 以 乙醇 为溶剂, 反应 2.0h, 以to afford 4-Hydroxy-2-Phenyl-5h-indolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine (Compound 2) as a white solid的产率得到4-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-5H-indolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Certain aryl fused pyrrolopyrimidines; a new class of GABA brain
    摘要:
    本发明涵盖以下结构的化合物:##STR1##以及其药学上可接受的无毒盐,其中:##STR2##X代表氢、卤素或羟基;W代表未取代或取代有各种有机和无机取代基的芳基基团;A、B、C、D和E代表碳或氮,取代有氢或各种有机和无机取代基;R.sub.3和R.sub.4是代表各种有机和无机取代基的变量。这些化合物是高度选择性的GABAa脑受体的激动剂、拮抗剂或反向激动剂,或其前药,可用于诊断和治疗焦虑、睡眠和癫痫障碍、苯二氮平药物过量和增强记忆。
    公开号:
    US05463054A1
点击查看最新优质反应信息

文献信息

  • [EN] 5-[(PIPERAZIN-1-YL)-3-OXO-PROPYL]-IMIDAZOLIDINE-2,4-DIONE DERIVATIVES AS ADAMTS INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS 5-[(PIPÉRAZINE-1-YL) -3-OXO-PROPYL]-IMIDAZOLIDINE -2,4-DIONE COMME INHIBITEURS D'ADAMTS POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE L'ARTHROSE
    申请人:GALAPAGOS NV
    公开号:WO2016102347A1
    公开(公告)日:2016-06-30
    The present invention discloses compounds according to Formula (I), wherein R, R2, R3a, R3b, and Cy are as defined herein. The present invention discloses compounds inhibiting ADAMTS, methods for their production, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and methods for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of inflammatory conditions and/or diseases involving degradation of cartilage and/or disruption of cartilage homeostasis.
    本发明公开了根据式(I)的化合物,其中R、R2、R3a、R3b和Cy如本文所定义。本发明公开了抑制ADAMTS的化合物、其制备方法、包含该化合物的药物组合物以及用于预防和/或治疗涉及软骨降解和/或软骨稳态破坏的炎症状况和/或疾病的方法。
  • [EN] SUBSTITUTED BICYCLIC COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS BICYCLIQUES SUBSTITUÉS
    申请人:BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO
    公开号:WO2016028959A1
    公开(公告)日:2016-02-25
    Disclosed are compounds of Formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V) and/or a salt thereof, wherein R1 is OH or OP(O)(OH)2, and X1, X2, X3, R2, R2a, Ra, Rb, and Rc are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein coupled receptor S1P1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.
    揭示了Formula(I)、(II)、(III)、(IV)和(V)及/或其盐的化合物,其中R1为OH或OP(O)(OH)2,X1、X2、X3、R2、R2a、Ra、Rb和Rc在此处有定义。还揭示了将这些化合物用作选择性G蛋白偶联受体S1P1的激动剂的方法,以及包含这些化合物的药物组合物。这些化合物在治疗、预防或减缓多种治疗领域的疾病或疾病的进展方面是有用的,如自身免疫疾病和血管疾病。
  • Discovery of GLPG1972/S201086, a Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable ADAMTS-5 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
    作者:Franck Brebion、Romain Gosmini、Pierre Deprez、Marie Varin、Christophe Peixoto、Luke Alvey、Hélène Jary、Natacha Bienvenu、Nicolas Triballeau、Roland Blanque、Céline Cottereaux、Thierry Christophe、Nele Vandervoort、Patrick Mollat、Robert Touitou、Philip Leonard、Frédéric De Ceuninck、Iuliana Botez、Alain Monjardet、Ellen van der Aar、David Amantini
    DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02008
    日期:2021.3.25
    key in the degradation of human aggrecan (AGC), a component of cartilage. Therefore, ADAMTS-5 is a promising target for the identification of DMOADs. We describe the discovery of GLPG1972/S201086, a potent and selective ADAMTS-5 inhibitor obtained by optimization of a promising hydantoin series following an HTS. Biochemical activity against rat and human ADAMTS-5 was assessed via a fluorescence-based
    当前尚无批准的可缓解疾病的骨关节炎(OA)药物(DMOAD)。软骨聚集蛋白聚糖酶ADAMTS-5是人类软骨聚集蛋白聚糖(AGC)降解的关键。因此,ADAMTS-5是鉴定DMOAD的有希望的目标。我们描述了GLPG1972 / S201086的发现,GLPG1972 / S201086是一种有效且选择性的ADAMTS-5抑制剂,可通过优化HTS后有希望的乙内酰脲系列而获得。通过基于荧光的测定评估了对大鼠和人ADAMTS-5的生化活性。使用AGC ELISA与人聚集蛋白聚糖确认了ADAMTS-5抑制活性。根据白细胞介素-1刺激小鼠软骨外植体后糖胺聚糖释放的减少,选择了最有前途的化合物,并发现了GLPG1972 / S201086。50 <1.5μM)。讨论了GLPG1972 / S201086与人重组ADAMTS-5的共晶体结构。GLPG1972 / S201086已在膝关节炎(NCT03595618)的2期临床研究中进行了研究。
  • Synthesis and structural study of N(3)-dibenzylaminomethyl-4-hydroxy-cycloalkane-5-spiro-2-imidazolodinone
    作者:L. Salazar、M. Espada、C. Pedregal、F. Florencio、S. Garcia Blanco
    DOI:10.1016/0022-2860(85)80175-7
    日期:1985.7
    Abstract N(3)-dibenzylaminomethyl-4-hydroxy-cycloalkane-5-spiro-2-imidazolidinone has been synthesized and its crystal and molecular structures determined by X-ray diffraction, IR and 1 H NMR methods.
    摘要 合成了N(3)-dibenzylaminomethyl-4-hydroxy-cycloalkane-5-spiro-2-imidazolidinone,并通过X-射线衍射、IR和1 H NMR方法确定了其晶体和分子结构。
  • NOVEL INHIBITORS
    申请人:Heiser Ulrich
    公开号:US20110092501A1
    公开(公告)日:2011-04-21
    The invention relates to novel pyrrolidine derivatives of formula (I): wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined herein, as inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase (QC, EC 2.3.2.5). QC catalyzes the intramolecular cyclization of N-terminal glutamine residues into pyroglutamic acid (5-oxo-prolyl, pGlu*) under liberation of ammonia and the intramolecular cyclization of N-terminal glutamate residues into pyroglutamic acid under liberation of water.
    本发明涉及一种新型吡咯烷衍生物,其化学式为(I):其中R1、R2和R3如本文所定义,作为谷氨酰环化酶(QC,EC 2.3.2.5)的抑制剂。QC催化N-末端谷氨酰残基的分子内环化成为吡谷氨酸(5-氧代脯氨酰基,pGlu *),并释放氨,以及N-末端谷氨酸残基的分子内环化成为吡谷氨酸,并释放水。
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