An essentially single stage reaction has been discovered in which a disubstituted ethanolamine, that is, a 2,2'-substituted-2-aminoethanol, may be reacted with a haloform and a carbonyl containing compound selected from the group consisting of monoketones and benzaldehyde, in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide, and optionally in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, to produce an alkali metal hydroxyethylaminoacetate ("HEAA") which has N-adjacent C atoms on which there are a total of at least three substituents (hence "polysubstituted"), and one or both pairs of substituents on each N-adjacent C atom may be cyclized. The HEAA may be cyclized by the action of a mineral acid to produce a 2-morpholone hydrochloride which is characterized by having a total of at least three substituents on the N-adjacent C atoms of the ring. The 2-morpholone so produced may be reduced to a polysubstituted aminodiol. The aminodiol so produced may be cyclized with an alkane sulfonic acid to yield a polysubstituted morpholine which could not otherwise have been made. The aminodiol may also be alkylated to produce diethers with polysubstituted N-adjacent C atoms. If the aminodiol is tosylated, a polysubstituted crown ether is produced with plural polyalkylene groups. The foregoing HEAA and related compounds are used as u-v light stabilizers in novel compositions in which a small but effective amount of one or more of the HEAA and related compounds is incorporated, in an amount sufficient to produce desirable stabilization against degradation by u-v light in a wide variety of organic materials.
一种基本单阶段反应已被发现,其中可以在碱
金属氢氧化物的存在下,可选地在相转移催化剂的存在下,将二取代
乙醇胺(即2,2'-取代-2-
氨基
乙醇)与卤代
甲烷和含羰基化合物(所选自单酮和
苯甲醛的组)反应,以产生具有N-相邻C原子的烷基
金属羟乙基
氨基
乙酸盐(“
HEAA”),其上至少有三个取代基(因此“多取代”),并且每个N-相邻C原子上的一个或两个取代基对可以被环化。该
HEAA可以通过矿酸作用来环化,从而产生2-吗啉酮盐酸盐,其特征在于环上的N-相邻C原子上至少有三个取代基。由此产生的2-吗啉酮可以还原为多取代
氨基二醇。所产生的
氨基二醇可以与烷
磺酸环化,产生多取代吗啉,否则无法制备。
氨基二醇也可以烷基化,产生具有多取代N-相邻C原子的
二醚。如果对
氨基二醇进行磺酰化,则产生具有复数聚烷基链的多取代
冠醚。上述
HEAA和相关化合物被用作新型组合物中的紫外
光稳定剂,在其中包含一种或多种
HEAA和相关化合物的少量但有效量,以产生对各种有机材料的紫外光降解的理想稳定性。