Dibutyl indolizine-1,2-dicarboxylate | 1374515-14-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吡咯并吡啶类
• 英文名称: Dibutyl indolizine-1,2-dicarboxylate
• CAS: 1374515-14-6
• 化学式: C₁₈H₂₃NO₄
• 分子量: 317.385
• InChiKey: NCOHRXRZGPATBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  4.7
• 重原子数：
  23
• 可旋转键数：
  10
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.44
• 拓扑面积：
  57
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  Dibutyl indolizine-1,2-dicarboxylate 、 二苯基乙炔 在 氧气 、 palladium diacetate 作用下， 以 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 以79%的产率得到dibutyl 1,2-diphenylpyrrolo[2,1,5-cd]indolizine-3,4-dicarboxylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,1,5-cd]indolizines through Dehydrogenative Heck Annelation of Indolizines with Diaryl Acetylenes Using Dioxygen as an Oxidant

  摘要：

  A dehydrogenative Heck annelation reaction of indolizine with diaryl acetylene via dual C-H bond cleavage was developed. Oxygen gas was employed as a clean oxidant in this catalysis under base-free conditions. Diarylpyrrolo[2,1,5-cd]indolizines were synthesized with high atom economy. In addition, kinetic isotope experiments provided evidence for C-H bond metalation of the 5-position of the indolizine as the rate-limiting step.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ol503681n

文献信息

• Heck-Type Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions of Indolizines at the 3-Position with Electron-Deficient Alkenes through Palladium-Catalyzed CH Activation
  作者：Huayou Hu、Yun Liu、Hao Zhong、Yulan Zhu、Chao Wang、Min Ji

  DOI：10.1002/asia.201101050

  日期：2012.5

  A cross‐dehydrogenative coupling reaction of indolizines with electron‐deficient alkenes for the synthesis of 3‐alkenyl‐substituted indolizines has been reported. The reaction takes place at the 3‐position selectively through palladium‐catalyzed CH activation, following a Heck‐type cross‐coupling reaction under mild and ligand‐free conditions. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism of the PdII/Pd0 catalytic

  据报道，吲哚嗪与缺乏电子的烯烃发生交叉脱氢偶联反应，可合成3-烯基取代的吲哚嗪。在温和且无配体的条件下发生Heck型交叉偶联反应后，该反应通过钯催化的CH活化选择性地在3位发生。此外，还通过1 H NMR光谱证实了Pd II / Pd 0催化途径的反应机理。
• Palladium catalyzed oxidative Suzuki coupling reaction of indolizine at the 3-position using oxygen gas as the only oxidant
  作者：Huayou Hu、Yong Liu、Juan Xu、Yuhe Kan、Chao Wang、Min Ji

  DOI：10.1039/c4ra03799e

  日期：——

  Stoichiometric metal oxidant applied in the functionalization of indolizine at the 3-position through C–H activation in a previous report was found to increase the cost of the synthesis and worsen the environmental pollution. In this paper, we developed a Pd(OAc)2/O2 catalytic system with or without ligands for an oxidative Suzuki coupling reaction of indolizine at the 3-position through C–H activation. As reported in the literature, some indolizines dimerized when catalyzed by palladium acetate under ligand-free conditions. However, we found that the dimerization of 2,3-unsubstituted indolizines was inhibited by the addition of ligands. Based on this finding, the arylation of these indolizines can be successfully achieved via a Pd(OAc)/O2 system using picolinic acid as a ligand. 1,2-disubstituted indolizines that do not easily dimerize can react smoothly with arylboronic acids under ligand-free conditions. Furthermore, broad group tolerance was shown in both indolizine and arylboronic acid. Finally, this method has the advantages of mild conditions, a broad array of starting materials and the use of a green oxidant.

  之前的报告发现，在通过 C-H 活化对吲哚利嗪进行 3 位官能化反应时，使用的化学计量金属氧化剂会增加合成成本并加剧环境污染。本文开发了一种含配体或不含配体的 Pd(OAc)2/O2 催化体系，用于通过 C-H 活化进行吲哚利嗪 3 位的氧化铃木偶联反应。据文献报道，在无配体条件下，一些吲嗪类化合物在醋酸钯催化下会发生二聚反应。然而，我们发现加入配体后，2,3-未取代的吲嗪类化合物的二聚化受到了抑制。基于这一发现，我们可以使用吡啶甲酸作为配体，通过 Pd(OAc)/O2 系统成功实现这些吲嗪类化合物的芳基化。在无配体条件下，不易发生二聚化的 1,2-二取代吲嗪类化合物能与芳基硼酸顺利发生反应。此外，吲哚利嗪和芳基硼酸都具有广泛的基团耐受性。最后，该方法还具有条件温和、起始材料广泛和使用绿色氧化剂等优点。