Axinellamines as Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Agents: Scalable Synthesis and Biology
摘要:
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria present an ongoing challenge to both chemists and biologists as they seek novel compounds and modes of action to out-maneuver continually evolving resistance pathways, especially against Gram-negative strains. The dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids represent a unique marine natural product class with diverse primary biological activity and chemical architecture. This full account traces the strategy used to develop a second-generation route to key spirocycle 9, culminating in a practical synthesis of the axinellamines and enabling their discovery as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents, with promising activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. While their detailed mode of antibacterial action remains unclear, the axinellamines appear to cause secondary membrane destabilization and impart an aberrant cellular morphology consistent with the inhibition of normal septum formation. This study serves as a rare example of a natural product initially reported to be devoid of biological activity surfacing as an active antibacterial agent with an intriguing mode of action.
Copper-Catalyzed Divergent Trifluoromethylation/Cyclization of Unactivated Alkenes
作者:Jing Zheng、Ziyang Deng、Yan Zhang、Sunliang Cui
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201500965
日期:2016.3.3
Most of the precedent copper‐catalyzed trifluoromethylation reactions of unactivatedalkenes concern terminalalkenes, and these processes are terminated in elimination, or nucleophilic addition, or semipinacol rearrangement, or CH bond functionalization steps. In this study, we develop a trifluoromethylation method for both unactivatedterminal and internal alkenes to enable divergent late‐stage
Biguanide compounds and anti-diabetic compositions
申请人:Boehringer Mannheim G.m.b.H.
公开号:US04017539A1
公开(公告)日:1977-04-12
New biguanide compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is saturated or unsaturated cycloaliphatic hydrocarbyl, and the physiologically compatible salts thereof; display outstanding anti-diabetic effectiveness in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, without showing the typical side effects of biguanide treatment, viz., lactacidosis.