Iodine-Catalyzed Synthesis of Substituted Furans and Pyrans: Reaction Scope and Mechanistic Insights
作者:Domenic P. Pace、Raphaël Robidas、Uyen P. N. Tran、Claude Y. Legault、Thanh Vinh Nguyen
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.1c00608
日期:2021.6.18
Substituted pyrans and furans are core structures found in a wide variety of natural products and biologically active compounds. Herein, we report a practical and mild catalytic method for the synthesis of substituted pyrans and furansusing molecular iodine, a simple and inexpensive catalyst. The method described is performed under solvent-free conditions at an ambient temperature and atmosphere,
Synthetic methods for the preparation of ARQ 501 (β-Lapachone) human blood metabolites
作者:Rui-Yang Yang、Darin Kizer、Hui Wu、Erika Volckova、Xiu-Sheng Miao、Syed M. Ali、Manish Tandon、Ronald E. Savage、Thomas C.K. Chan、Mark A. Ashwell
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2008.03.073
日期:2008.5
ARQ 501 (3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphthol[1,2-b]pyran-5,6-dione), a synthetic version of beta-Lapachone, is a promising anti-cancer agent currently in multiple Phase II clinical trials. Promising anti-cancer activity was observed in Phase I and Phase II trials. Metabolism by red blood cells of drugs is an understudied area of research and the metabolites arising from oxidative ring opening (M2 and M3), decarbonylation/ ring contraction (M5), and decarbonylation/ oxidation (M4 and M6) of ARQ 501 offer a unique opportunity to provide insight into these metabolic processes. Since these metabolites were not detected in in vitro incubations of ARQ 501 with liver microsomes and were structurally diverse, confirmation by chemical synthesis was considered essential. In this report, we disclose the synthetic routes employed and the characterization of the reference standards for these blood metabolites as well as additional postulated structures, which were not confirmed as metabolites. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.