A process for the production of a complex of lactic acid and either ammonia or an amine, comprising reacting one or more saccharides with barium hydroxide to produce a first reaction mixture comprising barium lactate, and contacting at least part of the first reaction mixture with ammonia or an amine and with carbon dioxide, or with the carbonate and/or bicarbonate salt of ammonia or an amine, to produce a second reaction mixture comprising said complex and barium carbonate.
Do all the protic ionic liquids exist as molecular aggregates in the gas phase?
作者:Xiao Zhu、Yong Wang、Haoran Li
DOI:10.1039/c1cp21817d
日期:——
protic ionic liquids (PILs), it has been concluded that not all PILs exist as molecular aggregates in the gasphase. The detection of both ions of m/z 115.0 and m/z 116.0 for the 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium trifluoromethylsulfonate (TMGS) protic ionic liquid indicates that both the molecular and ionic aggregates co-exist in the gasphase, which is to say that the TMGS may also evaporate via the ionic
根据对1,1,3,3-四甲基胍基质子离子液体(PIL)的EI-MS研究,可以得出结论,并不是所有的PIL都以分子聚集体的形式存在于气相中。对1,1,3,3-四甲基胍三氟甲基磺酸(TMGS)质子性离子液体的m / z 115.0和m / z 116.0两种离子的检测表明,分子聚集体和离子聚集体共存于气相中,就是说TMGS也可能通过离子聚集体就像非质子离子液体一样。此外,对基于三乙胺和基于1-甲基咪唑的PIL的研究证实,PIL的气相结构取决于相应酸和碱的酸度和碱性。
Process for preparing carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof
申请人:——
公开号:US20040210087A1
公开(公告)日:2004-10-21
Processes for preparing carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof in which an ammonium salt of the carboxylic acid is heated in the presence of an organic reagent to split the salt and form the acid or, where the organic reagent is an esterifying agent, the corresponding ester. Both the acid and the ester may be dehydrated to form unsaturated counterparts.
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Milchsäureestern durch Fermentation von Zuckern enthaltenden Gemischen, Überführung der der Fermentation resultierenden Milchsäure in ihre Salze und anschließender Veresterung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man
a) zu der Fermentationsbrühe Erdalkalicarbonat oder -hydrogencarbonat zugibt, um die entstehende Milchsäure zumindest zu 50 Mol-% zu neutralisieren,
b) die resultierende Fermentationsbrühe unter Zugabe von NH₃ und CO₂ auf einen pH-Wert von 7 bis 13 einstellt und die entstehenden Niederschläge abtrennt,
c) die so erhaltene und gereinigte Ammoniumlactatlösung mit einem Alkohol verestert.
一种通过发酵含糖混合物、将发酵产生的乳酸转化为其盐类并随后进行酯化来制备乳酸酯的工艺,其特征在于
a) 在发酵液中加入碱土碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐,以中和至少 50 摩尔的乳酸、
b) 加入 NH₃和 CO₂,将发酵液的 pH 值调节到 7-13 之间,分离出沉淀物、
c) 将得到的乳酸铵溶液用乙醇酯化并纯化。
ESTERIFICATION OF FERMENTATION-DERIVED ACIDS VIA PERVAPORATION