3,20-dioximinoprogesterone | 26144-38-7

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 类固醇和类固醇衍生物
• 英文名称: 3,20-dioximinoprogesterone
• 英文别名: progesterone dioxime；4-pregnen-3-one；pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione dioxime；Pregn-4-en-3,20-dion-dioxim；Pregnen-(4)-dion-(3.20)-dioxim；Pregnen-(4)-dion-(3,20)-dioxim-(3,20)；N-[1-[(8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-3-hydroxyimino-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]ethylidene]hydroxylamine
• CAS: 26144-38-7
• 化学式: C₂₁H₃₂N₂O₂
• 分子量: 344.497
• InChiKey: JKENIRSEIALBGX-LEKSSAKUSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  247-256 °C
• 沸点：
  524.4±50.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.28±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  5.25
• 重原子数：
  25.0
• 可旋转键数：
  1.0
• 环数：
  4.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.81
• 拓扑面积：
  65.18
• 氢给体数：
  2.0
• 氢受体数：
  4.0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3,20-dioximinoprogesterone 以25%的产率得到17-乙酰氨基-3-氮杂-a-高-4-雄甾烯-4-酮
  参考文献：
  名称：

  17β-乙酰氨基-3-氮杂-A-homo-4α-雄烯-4-酮的合成

  摘要：

  描述了一种制备17β-乙酰氨基-3-氮杂-A-homo-4α-雄烯酮-4-酮的合成方法。

  DOI：

  10.1002/jhet.5570210363
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  黄体酮 在 盐酸羟胺 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 生成 3,20-dioximinoprogesterone
  参考文献：
  名称：

  一滴化学衍生化-用于代谢物结构鉴定的DESI-MS分析

  摘要：

  代谢物的结构阐明是新药物开发和发现过程中的重要组成部分。液相色谱（LC）结合质谱（MS）通常是结构鉴定的首选技术，但不能始终提供所研究代谢物的精确结构鉴定（例如，羟基化位点和葡萄糖醛酸化位点）。为了鉴定这些代谢物，将不同的方法与MS数据结合使用，包括核磁共振，氢/氘交换和化学衍生化，然后进行LC-MS。这些技术通常很耗时，并且/或者需要额外的样品预处理。

  DOI：

  10.1002/jms.3604

文献信息

• Characterization of Oxidative Stress in Various Tissues of Diabetic and Galactose-fed Rats
  作者：Robert M. Strother、Tonya G. Thomas、Mary Otsyula、Ruth A. Sanders、John B. Watkins III

  DOI：10.1155/edr.2001.211

  日期：——

  Rats fed a galactose-rich diet have been used for several years as a model for diabetes to study, particularly in the eye, the effects of excess blood hexoses. This study sought to determine the utility of galactosemia as a model for oxidative stress in extraocular tissues by examining biomarkers of oxidative stress in galactose-fed rats and experimentally-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: experimental control; streptozotocin-induced diabetic; insulin-treated diabetic; and galactose-fed. The rats were maintained on these regimens for 30 days, at which point the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as levels of lipid peroxidation and reduced and oxidized glutathione were determined in heart, liver, and kidney. This study indicates that while there are some similarities between galactosemic and diabetic rats in these measured indices of oxidative stress (hepatic catalase activity levels and hepatic and renal levels of oxidized glutathione in both diabetic and galactosemic rats were significantly decreased when compared to normal), overall the galactosemic rat model is not closely parallel to the diabetic rat model in extra-ocular tissues. In addition, several effects of diabetes (increased hepatic glutathione peroxidase activity, increased superoxide dismutase activity in kidney and heart, decreased renal and increased cardiac catalase activity) were not mimicked in galactosemic rats, and glutathione concentration in both liver and heart was affected in opposite ways in diabetic rats and galactose- fed rats. Insulin treatment reversed/prevented the activity changes in renal and cardiac superoxide dismutase, renal and cardiac catalase, and hepatic glutathione peroxidase as well as the hepatic changes in lipid peroxidation and reduced and oxidized glutathione, and the increase in cardiac glutathione. Thus, prudence should be exercised in the use of experimentally galactosemic rats as a model for diabetes until the correspondence of the models has been more fully characterized.

  喂食富含半乳糖饮食的大鼠多年来一直被用作糖尿病模型，以研究血液中过量己糖的影响，尤其是对眼部的影响。本研究试图通过检测喂食半乳糖的大鼠和实验诱导的糖尿病大鼠体内氧化应激的生物标志物，确定半乳糖血症作为眼外组织氧化应激模型的实用性。Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分为四组：实验对照组、链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病组、胰岛素治疗的糖尿病组和喂食半乳糖组。大鼠在这些方案下维持 30 天，然后测定心脏、肝脏和肾脏中过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性，以及脂质过氧化物和还原型及氧化型谷胱甘肽的水平。这项研究表明，虽然半乳糖血症大鼠和糖尿病大鼠在氧化应激的这些测量指标上有一些相似之处（与正常大鼠相比，糖尿病大鼠和半乳糖血症大鼠的肝脏过氧化氢酶活性水平以及肝脏和肾脏氧化谷胱甘肽水平都显著下降），但总体而言，半乳糖血症大鼠模型在眼外组织方面与糖尿病大鼠模型并不完全相同。此外，糖尿病的几种效应（肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性增加、肾脏和心脏超氧化物歧化酶活性增加、肾脏过氧化氢酶活性降低和心脏过氧化氢酶活性增加）在半乳糖血症大鼠中没有模拟出来，而且肝脏和心脏中的谷胱甘肽浓度在糖尿病大鼠和半乳糖喂养大鼠中受到了相反的影响。胰岛素治疗逆转/防止了肾脏和心脏超氧化物歧化酶、肾脏和心脏过氧化氢酶、肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的变化，以及肝脏脂质过氧化、还原和氧化谷胱甘肽的变化和心脏谷胱甘肽的增加。因此，在对模型的对应关系进行更全面的描述之前，应谨慎使用实验性半乳糖血症大鼠作为糖尿病模型。
• REGENERATION OF STEROID KETONES FROM THEIR SEMICARBAZONES WITH PYRUVIC ACID¹
  作者：E. B. HERSHBERG

  DOI：10.1021/jo01162a011

  日期：1948.7
• Butenandt; Westphal; Hohlweg, Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift fur Physiologische Chemie, 1934, vol. 227, p. 84,89-92
  作者：Butenandt、Westphal、Hohlweg

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Disturbance in sex-steroid serum profiles of cattle in response to exogenous estradiol: A screening approach to detect forbidden treatments
  作者：Patricia Regal、Carolina Nebot、Mónica Díaz-Bao、Rocio Barreiro、Alberto Cepeda、Cristina Fente

  DOI：10.1016/j.steroids.2010.12.005

  日期：2011.3

  Estradiol benzoate (EB) has been one of the most widely used estrogenic agents in animal husbandry, as a way of exogenously introducing the natural hormone estradiol-17 beta into the animal organism. Estradiol was previously employed to induce anabolic effects or reproductive improvements in cattle. However, the employment of EB in European countries has been permanently forbidden by Directive 2008/97/EC to guarantee consumers' health. Despite this prohibition, the control of estradiol-17 beta and its esters continues to be a difficult task for residue-monitoring plans in European Communities because official analyses of natural thresholds for hormones in cattle have not yet been established, leading to a lack of confirmation for any exogenous administration of natural hormones. Several researchers have worked on excretion profiles of metabolites, variation in specific hormonal ratios and metabolomic fingerprints after hormonal treatments. This research focuses on the possible existence of disturbances in the serum profile of animals treated with EB in terms of steroid sex hormones (androgens, oestrogens and progestogens), by investigating the serum levels of several of these hormones. The serum samples were collected from three groups of cows: one treated with an intramuscular injection of EB, one treated with a combination of intravaginal EB and progesterone and a control (non-treated) group. The samples have been analysed by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method, and 17 natural hormones were identified and quantified. Subsequently, data from the serum profiles were submitted for statistic and multivariate analysis, and it was possible to observe a manifest variation between animal groups. The obtained results can help in the development of a viable screening tool for monitoring purposes in cattle. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
• HUETTENRAUCH, Archiv der Pharmazie, 1961, vol. 294 /66, p. 366 - 370
  作者：HUETTENRAUCH

  DOI：——

  日期：——