Abstract Potential energy surfaces for the nucleophilic displacements at phosphorus in dimethyl methyl, chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, and trichloromethyl phosphonates have been computed by DFT methods. The results reveal that sequential introduction of chlorine substituents at the methyl group in methyl phosphonates increases the stability of transition states and intermediates, which facilitates P–C bond
摘要 用 DFT 方法计算了二甲基甲基、
氯甲基、二
氯甲基和
三氯甲基膦酸酯中
磷亲核置换的势能面。结果表明,在
甲基膦酸酯的甲基上连续引入
氯取代基增加了过渡态和中间体的稳定性,从而促进了 P-C 键的断裂。虽然未取代的
甲基膦酸二甲酯可能会发生排他性的 P-O 键断裂,但三
氯化类似物仅通过 P-C 键解离反应形成二
氯卡宾,二
氯卡宾被各种烯烃捕获,形成相应的二
氯环丙烷。图形概要