Structure-based design, synthesis and evaluation of conformationally constrained cysteine protease inhibitors
作者:Karl A. Scheidt、William R. Roush、James H. McKerrow、Paul M. Selzer、Elizabeth Hansell、Philip J. Rosenthal
DOI:10.1016/s0968-0896(98)80022-9
日期:1998.12
Conformationally constrained gamma-lactams containing electrophilic aldehyde (12, 17, 18, 25, 26, and 29) or vinyl sulfone (43, 44, and 46) units were synthesized. Constrained lactam 26 had IC50 values of ca. 20 nM against the Leishmania major protease and ca. 50 nM versus falcipain, an important cysteine protease isolated from Plasmodium falciparum. However, all of the conformationally constrained inhibitors
半胱氨酸蛋白酶的抑制作用已被研究作为一种抗击寄生虫病(如恰加斯氏病,利什曼病和疟疾)的策略。Cruzain是锥虫锥虫的主要半胱氨酸蛋白酶,锥虫是南美锥虫病的病原体。使用氟甲基酮抑制剂1(Cbz-Phe-Ala-FMK)共价灭活的克鲁萨因的晶体结构作为模板来设计潜在的抑制剂。合成了含有亲电子醛(12、17、18、25、26和29)或乙烯基砜(43、44和46)单元的构象受限的γ-内酰胺。受约束的内酰胺26的IC50值为ca。抗利什曼原虫主要蛋白酶20 nM,与falcipain相比为50 nM,falcipain是一种从恶性疟原虫分离的重要半胱氨酸蛋白酶。然而,事实证明它是一种很好的Cruzain抑制剂,其二阶抑制速率常数(k(inact)/ Ki)为634,000s(-1)M(-1)。用在P2位上含有α-甲基苯基丙氨酸残基的无环抑制剂30和51也观察到活性的显着降低。这些数据表明,吡咯烷酮