Nucleophilic Acyl Substitutions of Anhydrides with Protic Nucleophiles Catalyzed by Amphoteric, Oxomolybdenum Species
摘要:
[GRAPHICS]Among six different group VIb oxometallic species examined, dioxomolybdenum dichloride and oxomolybdenum tetrachloride were the most efficient catalysts to facilitate nucleophilic acyl substitution (NAS) of anhydrides with a myriad array of alcohols, amines, and thiols in high yields and high chemoselectivity. In contrast to the well-recognized redox chemical behaviors associated with oxomolybdenum(VI) species, the catalytic NAS was unprecedented and tolerates virtually all kinds of functional groups. By using benzoic anhydride as a mediator for in situ generation of an incipient mixed anhydride -MoO2Cl2 adduct with a given functional alkanoic acid, one can achieve oleate, dipeptide, diphenylmethyl, N-Fmoc-alpha-amino, pyruvic, and tert-butylthio ester, N-tert-butylamide, and trityl methacrylate syntheses with appropriate protic nucleophiles. The amphoteric character of the Mo=O unit in oxomolybdenum chlorides was found to be responsible for the catalytic NAS profile as supported by a control NAS reaction of using an authentic adduct-MoOCl2(O-2-CBut)(2) between pivalic anhydride and MoO2Cl2 as the catalyst.
Nickel‐Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Phenol Derivatives by Aryl C−O Bond Activation
作者:Wei‐Qiang Hu、Shen Pan、Xiu‐Hua Xu、David A. Vicic、Feng‐Ling Qing
DOI:10.1002/anie.202004116
日期:2020.9.7
trifluoromethylation reactions. Tremendous efforts have focused on copper‐ and palladium‐mediated/catalyzed trifluoromethylation of aryl halides. In contrast, no general method exists for the conversion of widely available inert electrophiles, such as phenol derivatives, into the corresponding trifluoromethylated arenes. Reported herein is a practical nickel‐mediated trifluoromethylation of phenol derivatives with readily
Beyond Amide Bond Formation: TCFH as a Reagent for Esterification
作者:Nathaniel R. Luis、Kasey K. Chung、Matthew R. Hickey、Ziqing Lin、Gregory L. Beutner、David A. Vosburg
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01611
日期:2024.4.12
In this Communication, an investigation of the combination of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylchloroformamidinium hexafluorophosphate (TCFH) and N-methylimidazole (NMI) for the synthesis of esters and thioesters is described. This work revealed the unique challenges of the reactions of less nucleophilic alcohols and more reactive thiols with the N-acyl imidazolium intermediate and led to the identification of
在本通讯中,描述了N , N , N ', N '-四甲基氯甲脒六氟磷酸盐 (TCFH) 和N-甲基咪唑 (NMI) 组合用于合成酯和硫酯的研究。这项工作揭示了亲核性较低的醇和反应性较高的硫醇与N-酰基咪唑鎓中间体反应的独特挑战,并确定了为一系列醇和硫醇提供高产率和选择性的一般有利条件。
Catalytic Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution of Anhydrides by Amphoteric Vanadyl Triflate
[GRAPHICS]Among four vanadyl species examined, vanadyl triflate was the most efficient catalyst to facilitate nucleophilic acyl substitution of anhydrides with a myriad array of alcohols, amines, and thiols in high yields and high chemoselectivity. By using mixed-anhydride technique, one can achieve oleate and peptide syntheses. In marked contrast to common metal triflates, the amphoteric character of the V=O unit in vanadyl species was proven to be responsible for the catalytic profile in this process.
Generation of Acyl Radicals From 2-Naphthyl Thioesters
作者:John H. Penn、Fang Liu
DOI:10.1021/jo00088a053
日期:1994.5
A series of S-2-naphthyl thioesters were synthesized from the corresponding carboxylic acids or acid chlorides. Irradiation of these thioesters in the presence of a hydrogen source (i.e., 1,4-cyclohexadiene) generated the corresponding aldehydes. In this fashion, primary, secondary, tertiary, and aryl carboxylic acids were converted to the aldehydes in high yields. Intramolecular radical cyclization reactions support the hypothesis that the reaction proceeds via the formation of acyl radicals. The formation of aldehydes was not perturbed by possible Norrish Type II reactions.
Penn John H., Liu Fang, J. Org. Chem, 59 (1994) N 9, S 2608-2612