ammonium | 19067-62-0

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 均质非金属化合物 - 其他非金属有机物
• 英文名称: ammonium
• CAS: 19067-62-0
• 化学式: HN
• 分子量: 15.0146
• InChiKey: RCELGLLFWPQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -1.74
• 重原子数：
  1.0
• 可旋转键数：
  0.0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  32.0
• 氢给体数：
  0.0
• 氢受体数：
  0.0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  ammonium 、 羰基硫 生成 Sulfanylium
  参考文献：
  名称：

  An experimental survey of the reactions of NH_n⁺ ions (n = 0 to 4) with several diatomic and polyatomic molecules at 300 K

  摘要：

  A study has been made of the binary reactions at 300 K in a SIFT apparatus of the ions N+, NH+, NH2+, NH3+, and NH4+ with CH3NH2, NO, NH3, H2S, CH3OH, H2CO, COS, O2, H2O, CH4, CO2, CO,H2, and N2. The N+, NH+, and NH2+ reactions are generally fast, their rate coefficients being close to the collisional limit, and multiple product channels result, especially for reactions with the polyatomic molecules. Several reaction mechanisms are apparent, including charge transfer, proton transfer, and H-atom abstraction, although it is argued that many of the reactions proceed via a short-lived, ion–molecule complex which separates along the observed reaction channels. The NH3+ ions are seen to be generally less reactive than the lesser hydrogenated ions, the product of most of the reactions being HN4+ ions which do not undergo binary reactions with any of the molecules (except CH3NH2) but rather undergo ternary association reactions with a few of them. A few measurements were made using the deuterated analogs ND+, ND2+, ND3+, and ND4+ in order to shed further light on some of the reaction mechanisms.

  DOI：

  10.1063/1.438893
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  氨 生成 ammonium
  参考文献：
  名称：

  氨的电子碰撞解离：激发态NH +离子的形成

  摘要：

  已经研究了单电子撞击NH 3之后的发射光谱，目的是寻找通过NH 3的一步解离激发/电离产生的激发NH +离子的发射。的NH +（C 2 Σ + -X 2 Π，0-0）28±1.5电子伏特的外观潜在过渡鉴定和表观发射的（7.0±2）×10的横截面-20厘米2，在100确定该转变的eV入射电子能量。

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0009-2614(90)87041-o

文献信息

• Ion—polar-molecule reactions: A CRESU study of He+, C+, N+ + H2O, NH3 at 27, 68 and 163 K
  作者：J.B. Marquette、B.R. Rowe、G. Dupeyrat、G. Poissant、C. Rebrion

  DOI：10.1016/0009-2614(85)87241-9

  日期：1985.12

  measurements of ion—polar-molecule reaction rate constants at very low temperatures are presented. They have been obtained using the CRESU (cine_.tique de reactions en ecoulement supersonique uniforme) technique for H+.C+ and N+ ions reacting with H2O and NH3 at 27 and 68 K in helium buffer. Additional data have been obtained for N+ reactions at 163 K in nitrogen buffer. In the 27–300 K (27–163 K for N+ + NH3)

  给出了在非常低的温度下离子-极性分子反应速率常数的首次测量。它们是使用CRESU（超音速制服的电影反应技术）技术获得的，用于H + .C +和N +离子在氦气缓冲液中于27 K和68 K下与H 2 O和NH 3反应。对于氮缓冲液中163 K下的N +反应，已经获得了其他数据。在27–300 K（对于N + + NH 3为27–163 K ）的温度范围内，所有结果都得出幂定律，k = k 0 T − n（0 < n<1），对于每个反应的速率系数，应在星际云模型中代替室温值使用。将结果与各种理论计算进行比较。尽管不能从这些实验中简单地得出一般性的行为，但是却找到了很好的一致性。
• Measurements of electron-impact ionization and dissociation cross sections in a crossed electron-supersonic molecular beam
  作者：Jack A. Syage

  DOI：10.1016/0009-2614(88)87004-0

  日期：1988.1

  approach is described for obtaining absolute electron-impact cross sections for ionization, including the partial cross sections for multiple charge excitation and ion dissociation. The method benefits from the use of a supersonic molecular beam, pulsed ion source, and multichannel mass detection. The determination of the partial cross sections for the production of Ne+, Ne2+, Ar+, Kr+, and Kr2+ from the

  描述了一种用于获得用于电离的绝对电子撞击截面的新方法，包括用于多次电荷激发和离子离解的部分截面。该方法得益于超音速分子束，脉冲离子源和多通道质量检测的使用。确定从中性原子产生Ne +，Ne 2 +，Ar +，Kr +和Kr 2+以及产生NH 2 +，NH 2 +和NH的部分截面报告了来自极冷的NH 3的+，并将其与其他近期工作的结果进行了比较。
• A study of the nearly thermoneutral reactions of N+ with H2, HD and D2
  作者：N.G. Adams、D. Smith

  DOI：10.1016/0009-2614(85)80407-3

  日期：1985.5

  The rate coefficients k for the nearly thermoneutral atom abstraction reactions of N+ ions with H2, HD and D2 have been determined as a function of ion-molecule centre-of-mass energy, KEcm, in a SIFDT apparatus, over the range of KEcm from thermal energy at 300 K to ≈ 0.5 eV. From Arrhenius-type plots of ln k versus (KEcm)−1, values of the thermicities of the reactions, ΔE, have been determined. The

  在SIFDT装置中，已经确定了N +离子与H 2，HD和D 2的几乎热中性原子抽象反应的速率系数k与离子分子质心能量KE cm的关系。 KE cm的范围从300 K的热能到≈0.5 eV。从ln k相对于（KE cm）-1的阿累尼乌斯（Arrhenius）型图，可以确定反应的热值ΔE。ΔE值的差异通过反应物和产物分子的振动零点能量的差异来解释对于反应获得的结果。根据该数据，发现N原子的绝对质子亲和力为3.531eV。
• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: S: SVol.4a/b, 1.3.8.5, page 204 - 205
  作者：

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: S: SVol.4a/b, 5.1.1, page 465 - 466
  作者：

  DOI：——

  日期：——