METHODS FOR EVALUATING AND IMPROVING COGNITIVE FUNCTION
申请人:THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE
公开号:US20200348318A1
公开(公告)日:2020-11-05
The present invention generally relates to method for evaluating and improving cognitive function in a subject. In particular, the invention generally relates to methods for evaluating cognitive function in a subject by determining the level of cholesteryl esters in a subject, and to improving cognitive function in a subject comprising the administration of cholesteryl oleate, or analogues thereof.
Structural basis for catalysis and substrate specificity of human ACAT1
作者:Hongwu Qian、Xin Zhao、Renhong Yan、Xia Yao、Shuai Gao、Xue Sun、Ximing Du、Hongyuan Yang、Catherine C. L. Wong、Nieng Yan
DOI:10.1038/s41586-020-2290-0
日期:2020.5.21
tunnel, whereas cholesterol may enter from the side through the transmembrane tunnel. This structural and biochemical characterization helps to rationalize the preference of ACAT1 for unsaturated acyl chains, and provides insight into the catalytic mechanism of enzymes within the MBOAT family 8 . The structure of human ACAT1, which catalyses the transfer of an acyl group from acyl-coenzyme A to cholesterol
作为膜结合 O-酰基转移酶 (MBOAT) 酶家族的成员,酰基辅酶 A:胆固醇酰基转移酶 (ACAT) 催化酰基从酰基辅酶 A 转移到胆固醇以生成胆固醇酯,其中的主要形式是胆固醇储存在细胞中并在血浆中运输 1。ACATs 作为治疗动脉粥样硬化、阿尔茨海默病和癌症等疾病的潜在药物靶点已受到关注 2 – 7 。在这里,我们将人类 ACAT1 的冷冻电子显微镜结构呈现为二聚体的二聚体。每个原体由九个跨膜段组成,它们包围着一个细胞溶质隧道和一个跨膜隧道,它们会聚在预测的催化位点。来自结构导向突变分析的证据表明,酰基辅酶 A 通过胞质隧道进入活性位点,而胆固醇可以通过跨膜隧道从侧面进入。这种结构和生化特征有助于合理化 ACAT1 对不饱和酰基链的偏好,并提供对 MBOAT 家族 8 内酶催化机制的深入了解。人类 ACAT1 的结构通过冷冻电子显微镜解析,它催化酰基从酰基辅酶 A 转移到胆固醇以形成胆固醇酯。