Epoxidation with dioxiranes derived from 2-fluoro-2-substituted-1-tetralones and -1-indanones
摘要:
Homochiral 2-fluoro-2-substituted-1-tetralones (10a, 10b, 13) and ethyl 2-fluoro-1-indanone-2-carboxylate (16) have been isolated. The dioxirane derivatives of these ketones have been prepared in situ, and have been shown to epoxidise alkenes but not enantioselectively. The dioxirane derivative of methyl 2,5,7-trifluoro-1-indanone-2-carboxylate (18) has been shown to be comparatively efficient in epoxidation.
Highly Enantioselective Chlorination of β-Keto Esters and Subsequent S<sub>N</sub>2 Displacement of Tertiary Chlorides: A Flexible Method for the Construction of Quaternary Stereogenic Centers
Highly enantioselective chlorination of beta-oxo esters and subsequent stereospecific substitution of tertiary chlorides are described. Enantioselective chlorination of beta-keto esters and malonates was performed using a chiral Lewis acid catalyst prepared from Cu(OTf)(2) and the newly developed spirooxazoline ligand 2 to yield the desired a-chlorinated products with high enantioselectivity (up to 98% ee). Nucleophilic substitution of the resulting chlorides proceeded smoothly to afford a variety of chiral molecules such as alpha-amino, alpha-allcylthio, and alpha-fluoro esters, without loss of enantiopurity. The results of X-ray crystallographic analysis proved that Walden inversion occurs at the chlorinated tertiary carbon center. These results supported the fact that the substitution proceeds via an S(N)2 mechanism.