6-氟噌啉 | 318276-73-2

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 二氮杂萘
• 中文名称: 6-氟噌啉
• 英文名称: 6-fluorocinnoline
• CAS: 318276-73-2
• 化学式: C₈H₅FN₂
• 分子量: 148.14
• InChiKey: BGNVCGBQOGOPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  25.8
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-碘-4-氟苯胺 在 盐酸 、 bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride 、 copper(l) iodide 、 potassium carbonate 、 三乙胺 、 sodium nitrite 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 甲醇 、 水 、 邻二氯苯 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 反应 10.5h， 生成 6-氟噌啉
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Cyclization of 1-(2-Alkynylphenyl)-3,3-dialkyltriazenes:  A Convenient, High-Yield Synthesis of Substituted Cinnolines and Isoindazoles

  摘要：

  A new route to isoindazoles and cinnolines through the cyclization of (2-alkynylphenyl)triazenes under neutral conditions is presented. The products that result from heating the starting triazenes depend on both the type of alkyne ortho to the triazene functionality and the temperature used. Butadiyne moieties ortho to dialkyltriazenes yield bis-isoindazole dimers when heated to 150 degreesC in MeI. A requirement for cyclization in MeI is that the (2-alkynylphenyl)triazene must contain a suitably electron-withdrawing substituent on the phenyl ring to deactivate the triazene toward methylation-induced decomposition to an iodoarene. Ethynyl moieties ortho to dialkyltriazenes yield both isoindazole dimers as well as 3-formylisoindazoles when subjected to the same conditions. Replacing MeI with 1,2-dichlorobenzene as solvent allows for the general cyclization of (2-ethynylphenyl)dialkyltriazenes. Heating to 170 degreesC results in a mixture of isoindazole and cinnoline products, whereas the cinnolines are produced exclusively in high yield at 200 degreesC. Alternatively, the isoindazoles can be obtained in good to excellent yield by stirring a 1,2-dichloroethane solution of the starting triazene with CuCl overnight at 50 degreesC.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo020229s

文献信息

• Copper-Catalyzed Tandem CN Bond Formation: An Efficient Annulative Synthesis of Functionalized Cinnolines
  作者：Catherine J. Ball、Jeremy Gilmore、Michael C. Willis

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201201529

  日期：2012.6.4

  Cinn‐tillating synthesis: The combination of a readily available copper catalyst, a simple hydrazide nucleophile, and established difunctionalized building blocks provides a new, flexible route to an under‐developed class of aromatic heterocycles, cinnolines (see scheme).

  倾斜合成法：易于获得的铜催化剂，简单的酰肼亲核试剂和已建立的双官能团构建基团的组合，提供了一条新的，灵活的途径，可用于开发欠发达的芳族杂环类-辛啉（参见方案）。
• Deciphering the Mechanistic Dichotomy in the Cyclization of 1-(2-Ethynylphenyl)-3,3-dialkyltriazenes:  Competition between Pericyclic and Pseudocoarctate Pathways
  作者：David B. Kimball、Timothy J. R. Weakley、Rainer Herges、Michael M. Haley

  DOI：10.1021/ja027809r

  日期：2002.11.1

  The mechanistic aspects of the cyclization of (2-ethynylphenyl)triazenes under both thermal and copper-mediated conditions are reported. For cyclization to an isoindazole, a carbene mechanistic pathway is proposed. The carbene intermediate can react with oxygen, dimerize to give an alkene, or be trapped either intermolecularly (using 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene to generate a cyclopropane) or intramolecularly (using a biphenyl moiety at the terminus of the acetylene to form a fluorene). Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations support a pseudocoarctate pathway for this type of cyclization. Thermal cyclization to give a cinnoline from (2-ethynylphenyl)triazenes is proposed to occur through a pericyclic pathway. DFT calculations predict a zwitterionic dehydrocinnolinium intermediate that is supported by deuterium trapping studies as well as cyclizations performed using a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine moiety at the 3-position of the triazene.
• Thermal Cyclization of (2-Ethynylphenyl)triazenes:  Facile Synthesis of Substituted Cinnolines and Isoindazoles
  作者：David B. Kimball、Austin G. Hayes、Michael M. Haley

  DOI：10.1021/ol006517x

  日期：2000.11.1

  [GRAPHICS]High-temperature intramolecular cyclization of N,N-dialkyl-N'-(4-substituted-2-ethynylphenyl)triazines provides under neutral conditions both 6-substituted cinnolines and 5-substituted isoindazoles in moderate to excellent yields.