Dopamine/Serotonin Receptor Ligands. 12: SAR Studies on Hexahydro-dibenz[d,g]azecines Lead to 4-Chloro-7-methyl-5,6,7,8,9,14-hexahydrodibenz[d,g]azecin-3-ol, the First Picomolar D5-Selective Dopamine-Receptor Antagonist
摘要:
Hydroxylated, methoxylated, and/or chlorinated 7-methyl-5,6,7,8,9,14-hexahydrodibenz[d,g]azecines were generally synthesized out of substituted 2-phenylethylamines and isochromanones by Bischler-Napieralski cyclization of the resulting benzamides to dibenzoquinolizines and the quaternization and cleavage of the central C-N bond under Birch conditions. Chlorination of 2-phenylethylamines was useful for the site direction of cyclization, but chlorine atoms were removed under Birch conditions so that chlorination had to be repeated to get the respective chlorinated dibenz[dg]azecines. The target compounds were tested for their affinity at the different human-cloned dopamine-receptor subtypes (D-1 family, D-2 family). Generally, hydroxylation and chlorination of the dibenz-azecines increased affinities significantly. 1-Chloro-2-hydroxyhexahydro-dibenz[d,g]azecine was a subnanomolar antagonist at both subtype families. 4-Chloro-3-hydroxy7-methyl-5,6,7,8,9,14-hexahydro-dibenz[d,g]azecine was identified as the most potent and selective dopamine D-5 receptor ligand described to date with K-i(D-1) = 0.83, K-i(D-2L) = 4.0, K-i(D-3) = 24.6, K-i(D-4) = 5.2 nM, and K-i(D-5) = 57 pM (radioligand binding experiments), respectively.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 2H-Chromans by Reductive Deoxygenation of Differently Substituted 2-Sulfinylmethylchroman-2-ols
作者:Gloria Hernández-Torres、M. Carmen Carreño、Antonio Urbano、Françoise Colobert
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201100436
日期:2011.7
Good-to-excellent diastereoselectivies have been achieved in the synthesis of 2H-chromans by Et3SiH/TMSOTf reductivedeoxygenation of differentlysubstituted2-sulfinylmethylchroman-2-ols and their methyl ketals. The influence of both electron-donating and -withdrawing substituents on the sulfoxide and on the aromatic dihydobenzopyran core has been studied. SOR1 electron-donating groups (R1 = pMeOPh
Enzymatic Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation of Benzo-Fused Ketones: Formation of Regiocomplementary Lactones
作者:Ana Rioz-Martínez、Gonzalo de Gonzalo、Daniel E. Torres Pazmiño、Marco W. Fraaije、Vicente Gotor
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.200900084
日期:2009.5
Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are enzymes that are known to catalyse the Baeyer-Villigeroxidation of ketones in aqueous media using O(2) as oxidant. Herein, we describe the oxidation of a set of diverse benzo-fusedketones by three different BVMOs in both aqueous and non-conventional reaction media. Most of the tested ketones, for example, 1-tetralone and 1- and 2-indanone, were converted
Baeyer-Villiger 单加氧酶 (BVMO) 是已知的酶,它们使用 O(2) 作为氧化剂在水性介质中催化 Baeyer-Villiger 氧化酮。在此,我们描述了在水性和非常规反应介质中由三种不同的 BVMO 氧化一组不同的苯并稠合酮。大多数测试的酮,例如 1-四氢萘酮和 1- 和 2-茚满酮,都被使用的一种生物催化剂转化。通过在相对较高的 pH 值下进行氧化反应和添加有机助溶剂,可以提高催化效率。一个引人注目的观察结果是,当使用两种不同的 BVMO 氧化一系列 1-茚满酮时,获得了绝对和互补的区域选择性。4-羟基苯乙酮单加氧酶 (HAPMO) 对 1-茚满酮的转化导致预期的内酯 3,4-二氢香豆素的形成。相比之下,通过使用苯丙酮单加氧酶突变蛋白 (M-PAMO),1-茚满酮的转化导致仅形成意想不到的内酯,即 1-异色满酮。This illustrates that by the
Visible light mediated oxidation of benzylic sp<sup>3</sup> C–H bonds using catalytic 1,4-hydroquinone, or its biorenewable glucoside, arbutin, as a pre-oxidant
作者:Laura C. Finney、Lorna J. Mitchell、Christopher J. Moody
DOI:10.1039/c7gc03741d
日期:——
a sustainable alternative for the late stage oxidative functionalization of benzylicC–Hbonds. It is applicable to a range of cyclic benzylic ethers such as isochromans and phthalans, and simple benzyl alkyl ethers. It can also be applied in the oxidation of benzylic amines into amides, and of diarylmethanes into the corresponding ketones. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds by
Palladium(II)-Catalyzed<i>ortho</i>Alkylation of Benzoic Acids with Alkyl Halides
作者:Yang-Hui Zhang、Bing-Feng Shi、Jin-Quan Yu
DOI:10.1002/anie.200902262
日期:2009.8.3
Outsmarting the competition: In the PdII‐catalyzed reaction of benzoates with alkyl halides, an aryl CH bond is activated before the competitive alkylation of the carboxylate anion can takes place. The alkylation reaction was followed by an intramolecular lactonization to give broadly useful γ‐ and δ‐benzolactones (see scheme).
战胜竞争:在 Pd II催化的苯甲酸盐与卤代烷的反应中,芳基 C H 键在羧酸根阴离子的竞争性烷基化发生之前被激活。烷基化反应后进行分子内内酯化,得到广泛有用的 γ- 和 δ-苯内酯(参见方案)。
Regioselective introduction of a methoxy group at the benzylic position of isochromane derivatives by cerium(IV) oxidation in methanol.
The oxidation of methoxy-isochromans and -isochromanones with ceric ammonium nitrate in methanol introduced a new methoxy group regioselectively at a benzylic position para to the methoxy function on the aromatic nucleus.