Nontoxic and Neuroprotective β-Naphthotacrines for Alzheimer’s Disease
摘要:
The synthesis, toxicity, neuroprotection, and human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) / human butyrylcholinesterase (hBuChE) inhibition properties of beta-naphthotacrines 1-14 as new drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) potential treatment, are reported. beta-Naphthotacrines 1-14 showed lower toxicity than tacrine; moreover, at the highest concentration assayed (300 mu M) compounds 7, 10 and 11 displayed 2.25-2.01-fold higher cell viability than tacrine in HepG2 cells. A neuroprotective effect was observed for compounds 10 and 11 in a neuronal cortical culture exposed to a combination of oligomycin A/rotenone. An efficient and selective inhibition of hAChE, was only observed for the beta-naphthotacrines bearing electron-donating substituents at the aromatic ring, beta-naphthotacrine 10 being the most potent (hAChE: IC50 = 0.083 +/- 0.024 mu M). Kinetic inhibition analysis clearly demonstrated that beta-naphthotacrine 10 behaves as a mixed-type inhibitor (K-i2 = 0.72 +/- 0.06 mu M) at high substrate concentrations (0.5-10 mu M), while at low concentrations (0.01-0.1 mu M) it behaves as a hAChE competitive inhibitor (K-i1 = 0.007 +/- 0.001 mu M). These findings identified beta-naphthotacrine 10 as a potent and selective hAChE inhibitor in a nanomolar range, with toxicity lower than that of tacrine both in human hepatocytes and rat cortical neurons, with a potent neuroprotective activity and, consequently, an attractive multipotent active molecule of potential application in AD treatment.
One-pot synthesis of chromenes in the presence of nano-cellulose/Ti<sup>(IV)</sup>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as natural-based magnetic nano-catalysts under solvent free conditions
作者:Raziyeh Gholami、Abdolhamid Bamoniri、Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili
DOI:10.1039/d2ra05057a
日期:——
such as XRD, SEM, FT-IR, BET, EDX, TEM, TGA and VSM were used to characterize the catalysts. Then, the identified catalysts were used for the synthesis of various chromene skeletons via reaction of malononitrile, aldehyde and dimedone, 4-hydroxycoumarine or 2-naphthole at 70 °C under solvent free conditions. The spectroscopic methods used to determine the structure of the products include 13C NMR, 1H NMR
The synthesis, toxicity, neuroprotection, and human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) / human butyrylcholinesterase (hBuChE) inhibition properties of beta-naphthotacrines 1-14 as new drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) potential treatment, are reported. beta-Naphthotacrines 1-14 showed lower toxicity than tacrine; moreover, at the highest concentration assayed (300 mu M) compounds 7, 10 and 11 displayed 2.25-2.01-fold higher cell viability than tacrine in HepG2 cells. A neuroprotective effect was observed for compounds 10 and 11 in a neuronal cortical culture exposed to a combination of oligomycin A/rotenone. An efficient and selective inhibition of hAChE, was only observed for the beta-naphthotacrines bearing electron-donating substituents at the aromatic ring, beta-naphthotacrine 10 being the most potent (hAChE: IC50 = 0.083 +/- 0.024 mu M). Kinetic inhibition analysis clearly demonstrated that beta-naphthotacrine 10 behaves as a mixed-type inhibitor (K-i2 = 0.72 +/- 0.06 mu M) at high substrate concentrations (0.5-10 mu M), while at low concentrations (0.01-0.1 mu M) it behaves as a hAChE competitive inhibitor (K-i1 = 0.007 +/- 0.001 mu M). These findings identified beta-naphthotacrine 10 as a potent and selective hAChE inhibitor in a nanomolar range, with toxicity lower than that of tacrine both in human hepatocytes and rat cortical neurons, with a potent neuroprotective activity and, consequently, an attractive multipotent active molecule of potential application in AD treatment.
Copper‐amine complex immobilized on nano NaY zeolite as a recyclable nanocatalyst for the environmentally friendly synthesis of 2‐amino‐4
<i>H</i>
‐chromenes
catalytic activity of the synthesized nano-sample was evaluated in a three-component synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives, which resulted in high reaction yields and short reaction times under green conditions. The catalyst is separated by filtration and can be reused for at least seven consecutive runs without significant loss of catalytic activity. The nature of the supported [2-(3-[(2-ami