Nonpeptide Inhibitors of Cathepsin G: Optimization of a Novel β-Ketophosphonic Acid Lead by Structure-Based Drug Design
作者:Michael N. Greco、Michael J. Hawkins、Eugene T. Powell、Harold R. Almond,、Thomas W. Corcoran、Lawrence de Garavilla、Jack A. Kauffman、Rosario Recacha、Debashish Chattopadhyay、Patricia Andrade-Gordon、Bruce E. Maryanoff
DOI:10.1021/ja017506h
日期:2002.4.1
The serine protease cathepsin G (EC 3.4.21.20; Cat G), which is stored in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) and released on degranulation, has been implicated in various pathological conditions associated with inflammation. By employing high-throughput screening, we identified beta-ketophosphonic acid 1 as a moderate inhibitor of Cat G (IC(50) = 4.1 microM). We were fortunate to obtain a cocrystal of 1 with Cat G and solve its structure by X-ray crystallography (3.5 A). Structural details from the X-ray analysis of 1.Cat G served as a platform for optimization of this lead compound by structure-based drug design. With the aid of molecular modeling, substituents were attached to the 3-position of the 2-naphthyl ring of 1, which occupies the S1 pocket of Cat G, to provide an extension into the hydrophobic S3 region. Thus, we arrived at analogue 7 with an 80-fold potency improvement over 1 (IC(50) = 53 nM). From these results, it is evident that the beta-ketophosphonic acid unit can form the basis for a novel class of serine protease inhibitors.