Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of New Iron Chelators with Anti-Proliferative Activity: Structure−Activity Relationships of Novel Thiohydrazone Analogues
作者:Danuta S. Kalinowski、Philip C. Sharpe、Paul V. Bernhardt、Des R. Richardson
DOI:10.1021/jm070839q
日期:2007.11.1
Di-2-pyridylketone isonicotinoyl hydrazone Fe chelators utilize the N,N,O-donor set and have moderate anti-proliferative effects. Their closely related N,N,S-thiosemicarbazone analogues, namely, the di-2pyridylketone thiosemicarbazones, exhibit markedly increased anti-proliferative and redox activity, and this was thought to be due to the inclusion of a sulfur donor atom (Richardson, D. R. et al. J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49, 6510-6521). To further examine the effect of donor atom identity on anti-proliferative activity, we synthesized thiohydrazone analogues of extensively examined aroylhydrazone chelators. The O,N,S-thiohydrazones exhibited decreased anti-proliferative effects compared to their parent aroylhydrazones and reduced redox activity. In contrast, the N,N,S-thiohydrazones showed vastly increased anti-proliferative activity compared to their hydrazone analogues, being comparable to potent thiosemicarbazones. Additionally, N,N,S-thiohydrazone complexes had reversible Fe-III/II couples and exhibited increased redox activity. These observations demonstrate that the N,N,S-donor set is critical for potent anti-proliferative efficacy.