Inhibition of liver alcohol dehydrogenase and ethanol metabolism by 3-substituted thiolane 1-oxides
摘要:
3-Substituted thiolane 1-oxides (methyl, n-butyl, n-hexyl, and phenyl) were prepared and tested as inhibitors of horse, monkey, and rat liver alcohol dehydrogenases and of ethanol metabolism in rats. These compounds inhibit alcohol oxidation in an uncompetitive manner with respect to ethanol as a varied substrate. Lengthening the alkyl substituent increased the inhibitory potency because of tighter binding in the hydrophobic substrate binding pocket of the alcohol dehydrogenases. Thus, the 3-hexyl derivative was the most potent inhibitor of the purified rat liver alcohol dehydrogenase, with a Kii value of 0.13 microM. The 3-butyl derivative was the best inhibitor of ethanol metabolism in rats, with a Kii value of 11 mumol/kg. The acute toxicity in mice of the butyl derivative was 1.4 mmol/kg. Since high concentrations of alcohol do not prevent the inhibitory effects of these compounds, they may be particularly useful for preventing poisoning by methanol or ethylene glycol.
Formation of CCbonds from CO2 is a much sought after reaction in organic synthesis. To date, other than CH carboxylations using stoichiometric amounts of metals, base, or organometallic reagents, little is known about CC bond formation. In fact, to the best of our knowledge no catalyticmethylation of CHbondsusing CO2 and H2 has been reported. Described herein is the combination of CO2 and H2 for efficient
由CO 2形成CC键是有机合成中非常需要的反应。迄今为止,除了使用化学计算量的金属,碱或有机金属试剂进行的CH羧化反应外,对CC键的形成知之甚少。实际上,据我们所知,没有报道使用CO 2和H 2催化CH键的甲基化。本文描述的是CO 2和H 2的组合,用于碳亲核试剂(如吲哚,吡咯和富电子芳烃)的有效甲基化。使用低聚甲醛的对比实验显示出与CO 2相似的反应性/ H 2系统。
Joint cycloalumination of ethylene and other unsaturated compounds with EtAlCl2 in the presence of Cp2ZrCl2. Synthesis of aluminacarbocycles
作者:A. G. Ibragimov、L. O. Khafizova、L. I. Khusainova、T. V. Tyumkina、U. M. Dzhemilev
DOI:10.1134/s1070428010040032
日期:2010.4
A procedure has been developed for the selective synthesis of five-membered aluminum-containing heterocycles, 2,3-dialkyl-1-ethylaluminacyclopent-2-enes, 3-alkyl-1-ethylaluminacyclopentanes, 2-alkylidene-1-ethylaluminacyclopentanes, and 3-alkyl-1-ethyl-2-methylidenealuminacyclopentanes, via joint cycloalumination of ethylene and other unsaturated compounds (acetylenes, olefins, and allenes) with EtAlCl2 in the presence of Cp2ZrCl2 as catalyst.
Regio- and stereoselective synthesis for a novel class of organoaluminium compounds — substituted aluminacyclopentanes and aluminacyclopentenes assis
作者:U.M. Dzhemilev、A.G. Ibragimov
DOI:10.1016/0022-328x(94)88022-0
日期:1994.2
A novel regio- and stereoselective method has been developed for the catalytic cyclometallation of olefins and acetylenes with alkylalanes in the presence of Cp(2)ZrCl(2), to give in one stage high yields of 3-substituted aluminacyclopentanes and aluminacyclopentenes. Applications of these reactions to a wide range of linear and cyclic olefins and to those containing functional substituents have been studied. The transformation of the aluminacyclopentanes thus produced, into five-membered heterocycles, mono- and di-substituted cyclobutanes and cyclopropanes, has been demonstrated.
VOLYNSKIJ N. P.; SHCHERBAKOVA L. P., IZV. AN CCCP. CEP. XIM., 1979, HO 5, 1080-1085
作者:VOLYNSKIJ N. P.、 SHCHERBAKOVA L. P.
DOI:——
日期:——
SHCHERBAKOVA L. P., HOB. ASPEKTY NEFTEXIM. SINTEZA. M., 1978, 185-191