Structure−Activity Relationship Studies of Novel Heteroretinoids: Induction of Apoptosis in the HL-60 Cell Line by a Novel Isoxazole-Containing Heteroretinoid
摘要:
In a search for retinoic acid receptor (RAR and RXR)-selective ligands, a series of isoxazole retinoids was synthesized and evaluated in vitro in transcriptional activation and competition binding assays for RARs and RXRs. In addition, these compounds were evaluated for their differentiating, cytotoxic, and apoptotic activities. In general, these derivatives showed scarcely any binding affinity and were nest active in the transcriptional assay. However, among these isoxazole derivatives, the cis-isomer 14b was identified as a potent inducer of apoptosis, and its activity was found to be 6.5 and 4 times superior than that of 13-cis- and 9-cis-retinoic acids, respectively. On the other hand, compound 13b, which has the trans stereochemistry at the double bond, was found not to be active in the apoptotic assay, but it was endowed with appreciable differentiating activity. Therefore, it seems that the different stereochemistry of the double bond may be associated with a different biological activity: potent apoptotic activity for the cis-isomer but differentiating activity for the traits structure. This biological behavior was found, at least in part, for the 9-cis- and 13-cis-retinoic acids with respect to the all-trans-retinoic acid. Thus, structure 14b could offer an interesting model for the design of new compounds endowed with apoptotic activity.
Regioselective α-Deuteration of Michael Acceptors Mediated by Isopropylamine in D<sub>2</sub>O/AcOD
作者:Vinod G. Landge、Kendra K. Shrestha、Aaron J. Grant、Michael C. Young
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03839
日期:2020.12.18
hydrogen/deuteriumexchange is an important method to access deuterated compounds for chemical and biological studies. Herein is reported the first method for the regioselective α-deuteration of enals and enones. The transformation features D2O and AcOD as deuterium sources and amines as organocatalysts. The deuteration strategy is scalable and works on enals with a variety of substituted arene or heterocycle
特定地点的氢/氘交换是获取用于化学和生物研究的氘化化合物的重要方法。本文报道了第一种对 enals 和 enones 进行区域选择性 α-氘化的方法。转化的特点是 D 2 O 和 AcOD 作为氘源,胺作为有机催化剂。氘化策略是可扩展的,适用于具有各种取代芳烃或杂环基序以及烯酮的 enal。该方法已应用于氘代药物前体的合成。