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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 天然产物 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Engeletin 572-31-6 C21H22O10
    Engeletin
    —— rotenone 83-79-4 C23H22O6
    rotenone
    —— 8-[(2S,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one 1414943-37-5 C30H20O11
    8-[(2S,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid 6805-41-0 C55H86O24
    (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Gelomuloside B 149998-39-0 C28H32O15
    Gelomuloside B
    —— Kaempferol 3-O-(6''-acetyl-galactoside) 7-O-rhamnoside 124097-45-6 C29H32O16
    Kaempferol 3-O-(6''-acetyl-galactoside) 7-O-rhamnoside
    —— myricetin-3-O-L-rhamnoside 17912-87-7 C21H20O12
    myricetin-3-O-L-rhamnoside
    —— kaempferol 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl]-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside 124027-49-2 C33H40O19
    kaempferol 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl]-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— Silymarin 65666-07-1 C25H22O10
    Silymarin
    —— Lutonarin 35450-86-3 C27H30O16
    Lutonarin
    —— 2'',4''-Di-O-(Z-p-coumaroyl)afzelin 205534-17-4 C39H32O14
    2'',4''-Di-O-(Z-p-coumaroyl)afzelin
    —— (6aS,11bS)-7,11b-dihydro-6H-indeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,6a,9,10-tetrol 474-07-7 C16H14O5
    (6aS,11bS)-7,11b-dihydro-6H-indeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,6a,9,10-tetrol
    —— Kuwanon E 68401-05-8 C25H28O6
    Kuwanon E
    —— quercetin 3-O-arabinopyranoside 30370-87-7 C20H18O11
    quercetin 3-O-arabinopyranoside
    —— (+)-(6a<i>r</i>,11b<i>c</i>)-7,11b-dihydro-indeno[2,1-<i>c</i>]chromene-3,6a,9,10-tetraol 474-07-7 C16H14O5
    (+)-(6a<i>r</i>,11b<i>c</i>)-7,11b-dihydro-indeno[2,1-<i>c</i>]chromene-3,6a,9,10-tetraol
    —— Sativan 41743-86-6 C17H18O4
    Sativan
    —— 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 5928-26-7 C22H22O10
    5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— Biochanin A 7-O-glucosid; Aissotrin 5928-26-7 C22H22O10
    Biochanin A 7-O-glucosid; Aissotrin
    —— 5-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone-7-O-glucoside 5928-26-7 C22H22O10
    5-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone-7-O-glucoside
    —— robinin 301-19-9 C33H40O19
    robinin
    —— kaempferol 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyradoside 3-O-β-rutinoside 301-19-9 C33H40O19
    kaempferol 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyradoside 3-O-β-rutinoside
    —— Robinin 301-19-9 C33H40O19
    Robinin
    —— 8-Prenylkaempferol-4'-methylether-3-rhamnoside (Baohuoside-I) 113558-15-9 C27H30O10
    8-Prenylkaempferol-4'-methylether-3-rhamnoside (Baohuoside-I)
    —— kaempferol 7-O-rhamnoside 5041-97-4 C21H20O10
    kaempferol 7-O-rhamnoside
    —— kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside 5041-97-4 C21H20O10
    kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— kaempferol-7-O-L-rhamnopyranoside 5041-97-4 C21H20O10
    kaempferol-7-O-L-rhamnopyranoside
    —— Tiliroside 20316-62-5 C30H26O13
    Tiliroside
    —— Isoquercitrin 27297-45-6 C21H22O12
    Isoquercitrin
    —— Hyperosid 27297-45-6 C21H22O12
    Hyperosid
    —— quercetin-3-galactoside 27297-45-6 C21H22O12
    quercetin-3-galactoside
    —— (<i>S</i>)-7-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-chroman-4-one 18196-13-9 C19H16O7
    (<i>S</i>)-7-acetoxy-2-(4-acetoxy-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-chroman-4-one
    —— myricetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside 15648-86-9 C21H20O13
    myricetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside
    —— Myricetin-3-glucosid 15648-86-9 C21H20O13
    Myricetin-3-glucosid
    —— quercetin-3-O-α-L-pyranoside 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    quercetin-3-O-α-L-pyranoside
    —— isoquercitrin 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    isoquercitrin
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— Hirsutrin 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    Hirsutrin
    —— Quercetin-galactosid 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    Quercetin-galactosid
    —— quercetin-3-O-(6-O-feruloyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-(12)-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(12)-b-D-glucopyranoside 482-35-9 C21H20O12
    quercetin-3-O-(6-O-feruloyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-(12)-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(12)-b-D-glucopyranoside
    —— (+/-)-trans-α-toxicarol 82-09-7 C23H22O7
    (+/-)-trans-α-toxicarol
    —— [6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 205534-17-4 C39H32O14
    [6-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— Kaempferol-3,7-dirhamnosid 482-38-2 C27H30O14
    Kaempferol-3,7-dirhamnosid
    —— (+)-Chamaechromone 93413-00-4 C30H22O10
    (+)-Chamaechromone
    —— (+/-)-eriodictyol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 38965-51-4 C21H22O11
    (+/-)-eriodictyol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— (3R)-2,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-3(4H), 5'(6'H)-cyclobuta[f][1,3]benzodioxol]-4-one 52096-50-1 C18H14O7
    (3R)-2,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-3(4H), 5'(6'H)-cyclobuta[f][1,3]benzodioxol]-4-one
    —— α-Isowigtheon 65388-03-6 C20H18O5
    α-Isowigtheon
    —— Pinobanksin-3,7-diacetat 103553-98-6 C19H16O7
    Pinobanksin-3,7-diacetat
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(4S,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid 6805-41-0 C55H86O24
    (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(4S,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxy)-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 6-Methoxytaxifolin 31076-39-8 C16H14O8
    6-Methoxytaxifolin
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 38965-51-4 C21H22O11
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one