Cytotoxic and NF-κB Inhibitory Constituents of the Stems of <i>Cratoxylum cochinchinense</i> and Their Semisynthetic Analogues
作者:Yulin Ren、Susan Matthew、Daniel D. Lantvit、Tran Ngoc Ninh、Heebyung Chai、James R. Fuchs、Djaja D. Soejarto、Esperanza J. Carcache de Blanco、Steven M. Swanson、A. Douglas Kinghorn
DOI:10.1021/np200051j
日期:2011.5.27
A new caged xanthone (1), a new prenylxanthone (2), seven known xanthones, and a known sterol glucoside were isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, collected in Vietnam. Compounds 1 and 2 were determined structurally by analysis of their spectroscopic data. In addition, five new (10 and 16-19) and eight known prenylated xanthone derivatives were synthesized from the known compounds a-mangostin (3) and cochinchinone A (6). Several of these substances were found to be cytotoxic toward HT-29 human colon cancer cells, with the most potent being 3,6-di-O-acetyl-alpha-mangostin (8, ED50, 1.01 mu M), which was tested further in an in vivo hollow fiber assay, but found to be inactive at the highest dose used (20 mg/kg; ip). Of the substances evaluated in a NF-kappa B p65 inhibition assay, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,4-diisoprenylxanthone (5) exhibited the most potent activity (IC50, 2.9 mu M). In a mitochondrial transmembrane potential assay, two new compounds, 1 (IC50, 3.3 mu M) and 10 (IC50, 1.4 mu M), and two known compounds, 3 (alpha-mangostin, IC50, 0.2 mu M) and 11 (3,6-di-O-methyl-alpha-mangostin, IC50, 0.9 mu M), were active. A preliminary analogue development study showed that 3,6-diacetylation and 6-benzoylation both slightly increased the cytotoxicity of a.-mangostin (3), whereas methylation reduced such activity. In contrast, neither acetylation, benzoylation, nor methylation enhanced the cytotoxicity of cochinchinone A (6).