PROCESS FOR PREPARING ORGANOCHLOROSILANES BY DEHYDROHALOGENATIVE COUPLING REACTION OF ALKYL HALIDES WITH CHLOROSILANES
申请人:——
公开号:US20020082438A1
公开(公告)日:2002-06-27
The present invention relates to a process for preparing organochlorosilanes and more particularly, to the process for preparing organochlorosilanes of formula I by a dehydrohalogenative coupling of hydrochlorosilanes of formula II with organic halides of formula III in the presence of quaternary phosphonium salt as a catalyst to provide better economical matter and yield compared with conventional methods, because only catalytic amount of phosphonium chloride is required and the catalyst can be separated from the reaction mixture and recycled easily,
1
wherein
R
1
represents hydrogen, chloro, or methyl;
X represents chloro or bromo;
R
2
is selected from the group consisting of C
1-17
alkyl, C
1-10
fluorinated alkyl with partial or full fluorination, C
2-5
alkenyl, silyl containing alkyl group represented by (CH
2
)
n
SiMe
3-m
Cl
m
wherein n is an integer of 0 to 2 and m is an integer of 0 to 3, aromatic group represented by Ar(R′)
q
wherein Ar is C
6-14
aromatic hydrocarbon, R′ is C
1-4
alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, or vinyl, and q is an integer of 0 to 5, haloalkyl group represented by (CH
2
)
p
X wherein p is an integer of 1 to 9 and X is chloro or bromo, and aromatic hydrocarbon represented by ArCH
2
X wherein Ar is C
6-14
aromatic hydrocarbons and X is a chloro or bromo;
R
3
is hydrogen, C
1-6
alkyl, aromatic group represented by Ar(R′)
q
wherein Ar is C
6-14
aromatic hydrocarbon, R′ is C
1-4
alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, or vinyl, and q is an integer of 0 to 5; and
R
4
in formula I is the same as R
2
in formula III and further, R
4
can also be (CH
2
)
p
SiR
1
Cl
2
or ArCH
2
SiR
1
Cl
2
, when R
2
in formula III is (CH
2
)
p
X or ArCH
2
X, which is formed from the coupling reaction of X—(CH
2
)
p+1
—X or XCH
2
ArCH
2
X with the compounds of formula II; or
when R
2
and R
3
are covalently bonded to each other to form a cyclic compounds of cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl group, R
3
and R
4
are also covalently bonded to each other in the same fashion.
本发明涉及一种制备有机氯硅烷的方法,更具体地,涉及一种在季铵盐催化剂存在下,通过式II的氯硅烷与式III的有机卤化物的脱卤偶联反应制备式I的有机氯硅烷的方法,与传统方法相比,该方法提供更好的经济效益和产量,因为只需要催化剂的少量四元磷盐氯化物,而且催化剂可以轻松地从反应混合物中分离和回收。其中,R1表示氢、氯或甲基;X表示氯或溴;R2选自C1-17烷基、部分或全氟化的C1-10氟代烷基、C2-5烯基、含硅基的烷基,所述含硅基的烷基由(CH2)nSiMe3-mClm表示,其中n为0到2的整数,m为0到3的整数,芳基由Ar(R′)q表示,其中Ar为C6-14芳香族碳氢化合物,R′为C1-4烷基、卤素、烷氧基或乙烯基,q为0到5的整数,卤代烷基由(CH2)pX表示,其中p为1到9的整数,X为氯或溴,芳香族碳氢化合物由ArCH2X表示,其中Ar为C6-14芳香族碳氢化合物,X为氯或溴;R3为氢、C1-6烷基、芳基由Ar(R′)q表示,其中Ar为C6-14芳香族碳氢化合物,R′为C1-4烷基、卤素、烷氧基或乙烯基,q为0到5的整数;式I中的R4与式III中的R2相同,进一步地,当式III中的R2为(CH2)pX或ArCH2X时,R4也可以为(CH2)pSiR1Cl2或ArCH2SiR1Cl2,它是由X—(CH2)p+1—X或XCH2ArCH2X与式II化合物的偶联反应形成的;或当R2和R3通过共价键结合形成环戊基或环己基基团的环状化合物时,R3和R4也以同样的方式共价键结合在一起。