Characterization of biliary metabolites of 4-n-nonylphenol in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
摘要:
1. [R-2,6-H-3]-4-n-nonylphenol was synthesized and a single dose (5 mg, 1850 KBq) orally administered to rainbow trout. After 48 h, the radioactivity present in the bile amounted 5.5 %. More than ten biliary metabolites were separated by hplc and collected for subsequent mass spectrometry analysis. The metabolic profile was totally modified by beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis, showing that most of the metabolites were glucuronic acid conjugates.2. Conjugated metabolites were identified by Ic-ms analysis and their aglycones were analysed by gc-ms analysis as TMS and acetyl derivatives.3. The major metabolite accounted for 52 +/- 11% of the biliary radioactivity and was identified as nonylphenol-glucuronide.4. Nonylphenol was hydroxylated at both omega and omega-1 positions of the alkyl chain, giving 9-hydroxynonylphenol and 8-hydroxynonylphenol.5. 9-Hydroxynonylphenol was oxidized to the corresponding acid, and subsequently beta-oxidized, yielding 7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)heptanoic acid, 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid.
High refractive index pressure-sensitive adhesives
申请人:Olson B. David
公开号:US20050272949A1
公开(公告)日:2005-12-08
The present invention provides pressure-sensitive adhesives having a refractive index of at least 1.48. The pressure-sensitive adhesives comprise at least one monomer containing a substituted or an unsubstituted aromatic moiety.
HIGH REFRACTIVE INDEX PRESSURE-SENSITIVE ADHESIVES
申请人:OLSON B. DAVID
公开号:US20070264517A1
公开(公告)日:2007-11-15
The present invention provides pressure-sensitive adhesives having a refractive index of at least 1.48. The pressure-sensitive adhesives comprise at least one monomer containing a substituted or an unsubstituted aromatic moiety.