Crystal Engineering of Hand-Twisted Helical Crystals
摘要:
A strategy is outlined for the design of hand-twisted helical crystals. The starting point in the exercise is the one-dimensional (1D) plastic crystal, 1,4-dibromobenzene, which is then changed to a 1D elastic crystal, exemplified by 4-bromophenyl 4'-chlorobenzoate, by introduction of a molecular synthon-O-CO- in lieu of the supramolecular synthon Br center dot center dot center dot Br in the precursor. The 1D elastic crystals are next modified to two-dimensional (2D) elastic crystals, of the type 4-bromophenyl 4'-nitrobenzoate where the halogen bonding and C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonding are well-matched. Finally, varying the interaction strengths in these 2D elastic crystals gives plastic crystals with two pairs of bendable faces but without slip planes. Typical examples are 4-chlorophenyl and 4-bromophenyl 4'-nitrobenzoate. This type of 2D plasticity represents a new type of bendable crystals in which plastic behavior is seen with a fair degree of isotropic character in the crystal packing. The presence of two sets of bendable faces, generally orthogonal to each other, allows for the possibility of hand-twisting of the crystals to give grossly helical morphologies. Accordingly, we propose the name hand-twisted helical crystals for these substances.
The regioselective sila-acylation and silaformylation of 1,3-dienes was achieved over a copper catalyst using a silylborane as a silyl source. β,γ-Unsaturated ketones with a (dimethylphenylsilyl)methyl moiety at the α-position were obtained using esters, while β,γ-unsaturated aldehydes were obtained using formate esters.
presence of a copper catalyst using PhMe2Si-B(pin) and esters as the silyl and acyl sources, respectively. β-Silyl-β,γ-unsaturated ketones are obtained regioselectively in good to high yields. The sila-imination of allenes is also achieved using nitriles as electrophiles. Exposure of the reaction mixture to air results in the production of cyclic silyl peroxides.
tertiary benzylic coppercomplexes from Cu–B(pin) (pin = pinacolato) additions to 1,1-disubstituted alkenes followed by in situ reactions with ketones and carboxylic acid phenol esters to construct multifunctional alkylboron compounds that contain quaternary stereogenic centers is presented. The method is distinguished by the unprecedented reaction mode of tertiary benzylic Cu complexes, allowing reaction
A phosphine sulfide, a manufacturing process therefor and a use thereof
申请人:MITSUI CHEMICALS, INC.
公开号:EP0972776A1
公开(公告)日:2000-01-19
A basic organic compound which is soluble in an organic solvent, does not have problems in its preparation or handling and exhibits catalytic activity as a basic compound, is a phosphine sulfide represented by the (1):
The phosphine sulfide represented by formula (1), is made by reacting one molecule of thiophosphoryl chloride with three molecules of a phosphorane represented by formula (2):
A process for effectively manufacturing a poly(alkylene oxide) involves polymerizing an alkylene oxide in the presence of the above organic compound (phosphine sulfide), or in the presence of the phosphine sulfide and an active hydrogen compound selected from water and organic compounds having a partial structure of -OH or -NH-.
A process for manufacturing a 1,2-dioxyethane derivative from an epoxy compound, i.e. manufacturing a 1,2-dioxyethane derivative involves reacting an epoxy compound with a carboxylate, carboxylic anhydride, carbonate or phenol compound, respectively, in the presence of the phosphine sulfide.
Kinetics of the reaction of 4-nitrophenyl benzoates with 4-chlorophenol in the presence of potassium carbonate in dimethylformamide
作者:I. A. Os’kina、V. M. Vlasov
DOI:10.1134/s1070428006060091
日期:2006.6
The effect of the substituent in the benzoyl group on the relative rate and activation parameters of transesterification of substituted 4-nitrophenyl benzoates with 4-chlorophenol in dimethylformamide in the presence of potassium carbonate was studied by the competing reaction technique. The whole series of benzoates showed the enthalpy-entropy compensation effect. 4-Nitrophenyl benzoates having electron-acceptor substituents give rise to isokinetic relationship with an isokinetic temperature beta of 382 K. The mechanism of the transesterification process is discussed.