Organocatalytic oxidation of aldehydes to mixed anhydrides
作者:Hila Toledo、Evgeni Pisarevsky、Adi Abramovich、Alex M. Szpilman
DOI:10.1039/c2cc35220f
日期:——
TEMPO catalyzes the direct oxidation of aldehydes to mixedanhydrides in the presence of a carboxylic acid. The anhydrides can be converted in situ to esters, secondary, tertiary or Weinreb amides in high yield. Oxidation of the aldehyde directly to 2-propyl esters is also possible using only catalytic amounts of acid. The oxidation reactions are rapid and take place under mild conditions.
作者:Cyril Henry、David Bolien、Bogdan Ibanescu、Sally Bloodworth、David C. Harrowven、Xunli Zhang、Andy Craven、Helen F. Sneddon、Richard J. Whitby
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201403603
日期:2015.3
Ketenes were generated by the thermolysis of alkoxyalkynes under flow conditions, and then trapped with amines and alcohols to cleanly give amides and esters. For a 10 min reaction time, temperatures of 180, 160, and 140 degrees C were required for >95 % conversion of EtO, iPrO, and tBuO alkoxyalkynes, respectively. Variation of the temperature and flow rate with inline monitoring of the output by
酮基是通过在流动条件下热解烷氧基炔烃而生成的,然后用胺和醇截留以干净地得到酰胺和酯。在10分钟的反应时间内,分别需要180、160和140摄氏度的温度才能分别使EtO,iPrO和tBuO烷氧基炔烃的转化率> 95%。温度和流速的变化以及通过红外光谱对输出的在线监测使得可以容易地估计用于1-乙氧基-1-辛炔转化的动力学参数(E a = 105.4 kJ / mol)。用醇捕集原位生成的乙烯酮以得到酯,需要添加叔胺催化剂以防止将乙烯酮竞争性地[2 + 2]加成至烷氧基炔烃前体。
USE OF SARMENTINE AND ITS ANALOGS FOR CONTROLLING PLANT PESTS
申请人:Huang Huazhang
公开号:US20110021358A1
公开(公告)日:2011-01-27
Methods and compositions for controlling plant pests, particularly weeds and/or plant phytopathogens using sarmentine and/or analogs thereof are disclosed.
揭示了利用沙曼汀和/或其类似物控制植物害虫,特别是杂草和/或植物病原体的方法和组合物。
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL AGENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF MOLLUSCS
申请人:Asolkar Ratnakar
公开号:US20100266717A1
公开(公告)日:2010-10-21
Compositions and methods for controlling molluscs, members of the Gastropoda and Bivalvia classes which includes but is not limited to lactones, lactams, carbamates, amides, and/or carboxylic acid containing compounds as active ingredients and/or compounds derived from
Pseudomonas
and/or
Erwinia
. Also provided are methods and compositions for increasing the efficacy of chemical and biological control for invasive molluscs in open waters, power plants, and drinking water treatment facilities under coldwater conditions.
The preparation of hydroxy amides from a wide variety of lactones and amines has been achieved at 9 kbar and 30 or 65 °C. The yields of hydroxy amides were moderate to excellent. Some limitations were encountered in the reaction of 6-hexanolide; for example, diethylamine gave only a 15% yield of the corresponding amide at 8 kbar and 60 °C. 4-Pentanolide did react with extremely unreactive amines such
已在 9 kbar 和 30 或 65 °C 下实现了由多种内酯和胺制备羟基酰胺。羟基酰胺的产率中等至极好。6-己内酯的反应遇到了一些限制;例如,二乙胺在 8 kbar 和 60 °C 下仅产生 15% 的相应酰胺收率。4-戊内酯确实与极不活泼的胺如4-硝基苯胺和二苯胺反应,产物是羟基酰胺和3-氨基丁酸的混合物。