Upon light-induced isomerization, diarylethenes (DAEs) equipped with reactive aldehyde moieties rearrange selectively in the presence of amines, accompanied by decoloration. In a comprehensive study, the probe structure was optimized with regard to its inherent reactivity in the nucleophile-triggered rearrangement reaction. Detailed structure-reactivity relationships could be derived, in particular
detection of a wide range of primary and secondary amines. The probes consist of aldehyde‐ or ketone‐substituted diarylethenes, which undergo an amine‐induced decoloration reaction, selectively to give the ring‐closed isomer. Thus, these probes can be activated at the desired moment by light irradiation, with a sensitivity that allows the detection of amines at concentrations as low as 10−6 m in solution
The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I) or its salt, solvate, or physiologically functional derivative; and a pharmaceutical composition which is useful for treatment or prevention of conditions or disorders having sensitivity to selective androgen receptor modulation, the composition comprising the above-described compound; among others:
Optically active photochromic (S)- and (R)-1-(2-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)-2-[2-(3-methyl-1-penten-1-yl)-5-phenyl-3-thienyl]-3,3,3,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopentanes ((S)-1a and (R)-1a) were synthesized. X-ray crystallographic measurement showed that (S)-1a and (R)-1a single crystals adopted orthorhombic chiral space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) and the open-ring isomers were packed in the crystals in only one conformer of the possible two atropisomers. Upon irradiation with 366 nm light (S)-1a and (R)-1a underwent reversible photocyclization reactions both in solution and in the single-crystalline state, and in the crystalline phase almost only one closed-ring diastereomer was produced, while the diastereoselection was not observed in solution. The dominant diastereomer produced from (S)-1a was determined to be (S,R,R)-1b by X-ray crystallographic analysis.