发硫磷 | 2275-18-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 有机二硫代磷酸及其衍生物
• 中文名称: 发硫磷
• 中文别名: 乙基乐果；O，O-二乙基-S-(N-异丙基氨基甲酰甲基)二硫代磷酸酯；O,O-二乙基-S-(N-异丙基甲酰甲基)二硫代磷酸酯；O,O-二乙基-S-(N-异丙基氨基甲酰甲基)二硫代磷酸酯
• 英文名称: prothoate
• 英文别名: O,O-Diethyl-S-isopropylcarbamoylmethyldithiophosphat；Di-O-ethyl-S--dithiophosphat；dithiophosphoric acid O,O'-diethyl ester-S-(isopropylcarbamoyl-methyl ester)；Dithiophosphorsaeure-O,O'-diaethylester-S-(isopropylcarbamoyl-methylester)；Diaethoxythiophosphorylmercapto-essigsaeure-isopropylamid；O,O-Diethyl S-(N-isopropylcarbamoylmethyl)phosphorodithioate；O,o-diethyl-S-(N-isopropylcarbamoylmethyl)-dithiophosphate；Fac 20；2-diethoxyphosphinothioylsulfanyl-N-propan-2-ylacetamide
• CAS: 2275-18-5
• 化学式: C₉H₂₀NO₃PS₂
• 分子量: 285.368
• InChiKey: QTXHFDHVLBDJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 稳定性/保质期：

  明火可燃，受热时会释放出有毒的氧化磷、氧化硫和氧化氮气体。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.5
• 重原子数：
  16
• 可旋转键数：
  8
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.89
• 拓扑面积：
  105
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  5

ADMET

代谢

血浆和组织酶负责将有机磷化合物水解成相应的磷酸和磷酰酸。然而，氧化酶也参与一些有机磷化合物的代谢。抗胆碱酯酶剂。

Plasma and tissue enzymes are responsible for hydrolysis /of organophosphorus compounds/ to the corresponding phosphoric and phosphonic acids. However, oxidative enzymes are also involved in the metabolism of some organophosphorus compounds. /Anticholinesterase agents/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

有机磷抗胆碱酯酶剂在体内被一组称为A-酯酶或对氧磷酶的酶水解。这些酶存在于血浆和肝脏中，能够水解大量的有机磷化合物...通过切断磷酸酯、酐、P-F或P-CN键。/抗胆碱酯酶剂/

The organophosphorus anticholinesterase agents are hydrolyzed in the body by a group of enzymes known as A-esterases or paraoxonases. These enzymes are found in the plasma and liver and hydrolyze a large number of organophosphorus compounds ... by cleaving the phosphoester, anhydride, P-F, or P-CN bonds. /Anticholinesterase agents/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 副作用

职业性肝毒素 - 第二性肝毒素：在职业环境中的毒性效应潜力是基于人类摄入或动物实验的中毒病例。

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 毒性数据

LC50 (大鼠) = 165毫克/立方米/4小时

LC50 (rat) = 165 mg/m3/4h

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 相互作用

一些吩噻嗪类药物可能拮抗，而另一些可能增强有机磷杀虫剂的毒性抗胆碱酯酶效果。/有机磷胆碱酯酶抑制剂/

Some phenothiazines may antagonize & some may potentiate the toxic anticholinesterase effects of ... /organophosphorus insecticides/. /Organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitors/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

在长期治疗中，肾上腺皮质激素对抗抗胆碱酯酶的抗青光眼作用（增加眼内压）。... 抗胆碱药对抗抗胆碱酯酶在自主神经和中央神经系统上的缩瞳（抗青光眼）和其他毒蕈碱样作用。三环类抗抑郁药（抗胆碱能效应）在青光眼中对抗抗胆碱酯酶的青光眼（缩瞳）作用。... 具有抗胆碱能效应的抗组胺药对抗抗胆碱酯酶的缩瞳（抗青光眼）和中央神经系统效应。抗胆碱酯酶增强由抗组胺药引起的镇静和行为改变。抗胆碱酯酶药物在自主效应细胞上的作用，以及在某种程度上对中枢神经系统的作用，被阿托品所拮抗，阿托品是首选的解毒剂。巴比妥类药物的作用被抗胆碱酯酶增强。... Dexpanthenol增强抗胆碱酯酶的效果。氟磷酸盐杀虫剂增强其他抗胆碱酯酶的效果。/抗胆碱酯酶/

In long term therapy, adrenocorticoids antagonize the antiglaucoma effects of anticholinesterases (incr ocular pressure). ... Anticholinergics antagonize the miotic (antiglaucoma) & other muscarinic effects of anticholinesterases on the autonomic & central nervous systems. Tricyclic antidepressants (anticholinergic effects) antagonize the antiglaucoma (miotic) effects of anticholinesterases in glaucoma. ... Antihistamines with anticholinergic effects antagonize the miotic (antiglaucoma) & CNS effects of anticholinesterases. Anticholinesterases potentiate tranquilizing & behavioral changes induced by antihistamines. The actions of anticholinesterase agents on autonomic effector cells, & to some extent those on CNS, are antagonized by atropine, an antidote of choice. Barbiturates are potentiated by anticholinesterases. ... Dexpanthenol potentiates the effects of anticholinesterases. Fluorophosphate insecticides potentiate the effects of other anticholinesterases. /Anticholinesterases/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

巴比妥类药物可被抗胆碱酯酶药物增强。尽管巴比妥类药物可以谨慎用于治疗癫痫，但在处理由于抗胆碱酯酶导致的毒物中毒时，必须极度小心，特别是对于有机磷农药。毒扁豆碱是一种用作缩瞳剂的胆碱酯酶抑制剂，它增强其他类似的抑制剂的效果...用于其他目的（附加效果）或可能的协同作用。那些接触有机磷杀虫剂的人必须采取严格预防措施。...有机磷杀虫剂：附加的抗胆碱酯酶效果。危险。使用抗胆碱酯酶的患者（即使是局部使用，如眼药水）应避免去最近使用过有机磷杀虫剂的地方。/抗胆碱酯酶/

Barbiturates are potentiated by anticholinesterases. Although barbiturates may be used cautiously in treating convulsions, extreme care is essential in handling poisonings due to anticholinesterases, particularly organophosphorus pesticides. Echothiophate, a cholinesterase inhibitor used as miotic, potentiates other such inhibitors ... Used for other purposes (additive effects) or possibly synergistic. Those exposed to organophosphate insecticides must take strict precautions. ... Organophosphorus insecticides: additive anticholinesterase effects. Hazardous. Patients on anticholinesterases (even topical, such as eye drops) should avoid areas where organophosphorus insecticides ../were/ .recently ...used. /Anticholinesterase/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

大多数有机磷化合物可以通过皮肤、结膜、胃肠系统和肺部被吸收。/有机磷化合物/

Most organophosphate compounds are ... absorbed from skin, conjunctiva, gastrointestinal tract, & lung. /Organophosphate compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

有机磷农药的皮肤吸收率可能会受到所使用溶剂的影响。

The rate of dermal absorption /of organophosphorus pesticides/ may be ... influenced by the solvent used. /Organophosphorus pesticides/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

许多有机磷杀虫剂会通过牛奶排出体外... /有机磷杀虫剂/

Many of the organophosphorus insecticides are excreted in the milk ... /Organophosphorus insecticides/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

有毒物质可以通过吸入、摄入和皮肤渗透被吸收。这些物质在肝脏和其他组织中通常在吸收后的几小时内发生水解降解。降解产物毒性较低，并通过尿液和粪便排出体外。/有机磷农药-胆碱酯酶抑制剂/

Toxicants can be absorbed by inhalation, ingestion, and skin penetration. ... All undergo hydrolytic degradation in liver and other tissues, usually within hr of absorption. Degradation products are of low toxicity, and are excreted in urine and feces. /Organophosphate cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  N-异丙基氯乙酰氨 、 二硫代磷酸二乙酯钾盐 在 碳酸氢钠 作用下， 以 丙酮 为溶剂， 生成 发硫磷
  参考文献：
  名称：

  O,O-Dialkyl S-(carbamoylalkyl) phosphorodithioates

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo01351a033

文献信息

• [EN] MICROBIOCIDAL OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'OXADIAZOLE MICROBIOCIDES
  申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG

  公开号：WO2017157962A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-09-21

  Compounds of the formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, useful as a pesticides, especially fungicides.

  式(I)的化合物，其中取代基如权利要求1所定义，作为杀虫剂特别是杀菌剂有用。
• Thieno-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity
  申请人：Brewster Kirkland William

  公开号：US20070093498A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-04-26

  The present invention relates to thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity.

  本发明涉及具有杀真菌活性的噻吩[2,3-d]-嘧啶化合物。
• [EN] INSECTICIDAL TRIAZINONE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE TRIAZINONE INSECTICIDES
  申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG

  公开号：WO2013079350A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-06-06

  Compounds of the formula (I) or (I'), wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, are useful as pesticides.

  式(I)或(I')的化合物，其中取代基如权利要求1所定义的那样，可用作杀虫剂。
• THIENYLPYRIDYLCARBOXAMIDES
  申请人：Dunkel Ralf

  公开号：US20110105564A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-05-05

  Novel thienylpyridylcarboxamides of the formula (I) The present application is also directed to a plurality of processes for preparing these compounds and their use for controlling unwanted microorganisms, and also novel intermediates and their preparation.

  新型噻吩基吡啶基羧酰胺的化学式（I） 本申请还涉及多种制备这些化合物的方法，以及它们用于控制不受欢迎的微生物的用途，还有新颖的中间体及其制备。
• Novel insecticides
  申请人：Syngenta Participations AG

  公开号：EP2540718A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-01-02

  Compounds of formula I wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts and all stereoisomers and tautomeric forms of the compounds of formula I can be used as insecticides and can be prepared in a manner known per se.

  式I的化合物 其中取代基如权利要求1所定义，并且式I化合物的农药可接受盐以及所有立体异构体和互变异构形式可用作杀虫剂，并且可以按照已知的方法制备。