申请人:3M Innovative Properties Company
公开号:US20010047117A1
公开(公告)日:2001-11-29
A method for removing one or more fluorinated alkenes from a fluid comprises the step of contacting the fluid with an N-, S-, or P-containing nucleophile for a time sufficient to form an N-, S-, or P-containing nucleophile-fluoroalkene adduct. The nucleophile, and therefore the adduct, can be covalently bonded, coated or sorbed to a particulate support which can be enmeshed in a porous, fibrous web. In a preferred embodiment the fluorinated alkene can have the formula
1
wherein A=F or R
f
; X=H, F, Cl, R
f
, or YR
f
; Z=H, F, Cl, or R
f
; and Y=O, N, or S; with the proviso that at least one A=F, and at most one of Z and X is H; wherein each R
f
is independently selected from the group consisting of highly fluorinated or perfluorinated alkyl groups; and a combination of any two R
f
groups can be linked to form a cyclic structure.
The R
f
alkyl chains may contain from 1-20 carbon atoms, with 1-12 carbon atoms preferred. The R
f
alkyl chains may be straight, branched, or cyclic. Preferably, R
f
is CF
3
, C
2
F
5
, or C
3
F
7
.
从流体中去除一种或多种含氟烯烃的方法包括以下步骤:将流体与含 N、S 或 P 的亲核剂接触一段时间,足以形成含 N、S 或 P 的亲核剂-氟烯加合物。亲核剂以及加合物可以共价键合、涂布或吸附在颗粒支撑物上,而颗粒支撑物可以被包裹在多孔的纤维网中。在一个优选的实施方案中,氟化烯的化学式为
1
其中 A=F 或 R
f
X等于H、F、Cl、R
f
或 YR
f
; Z 等于;H、F、Cl 或 R
f
和 Y=O, N, or S; 但至少有一个 A=F, Z 和 X 中最多有一个是 H; 其中每个 R
f
独立地选自由高度氟化或全氟烷基组成的组;以及任意两个 R
f
基团的组合可连接形成环状结构。
R
f
烷基链可含有 1-20 个碳原子,以 1-12 个碳原子为佳。R
f
烷基链可以是直链、支链或环链。R
f
是 CF
3
, C
2
F
5
或 C
3
F
7
.