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3-[(1R,3S,5S,8R,9S,10R,11R,13R,14S,17R)-1,5,11,14-tetrahydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-13-methyl-3-[(2R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2H-furan-5-one

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
3-[(1R,3S,5S,8R,9S,10R,11R,13R,14S,17R)-1,5,11,14-tetrahydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-13-methyl-3-[(2R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2H-furan-5-one
英文别名
——
3-[(1R,3S,5S,8R,9S,10R,11R,13R,14S,17R)-1,5,11,14-tetrahydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-13-methyl-3-[(2R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2H-furan-5-one化学式
CAS
——
化学式
C29H44O12
mdl
——
分子量
584.7
InChiKey
LPMXVESGRSUGHW-FIHVATFMSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -1.7
  • 重原子数:
    41
  • 可旋转键数:
    4
  • 环数:
    6.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.9
  • 拓扑面积:
    207
  • 氢给体数:
    8
  • 氢受体数:
    12

ADMET

代谢
乌巴因...并不广泛地与血浆白蛋白结合,并且...大部分以原形被排出。
Ouabain ... is not bound extensively to plasma albumin and ... /is/ excreted largely unchanged.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
脑室内注射乌本苷(一种特定的Na-K-ATP酶抑制剂)在大鼠中模拟了双相情感障碍的躁狂表型,因此被认为是最接近躁狂的动物模型之一。双相躁狂已知与内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)的功能障碍有关,这是参与精神功能的脑区;然而,这些功能障碍的确切机制尚不清楚。目前的研究调查了脑室内注射乌本苷(5微升1毫摩尔乌本苷)后,SD大鼠mPFC的突触传递、突触可塑性和多巴胺释放。电生理学结果显示,乌本苷抑制了mPFC中的短期和长期突触可塑性,分别由成对脉冲促进和长期增强代表。这些乌本苷诱导的突触可塑性改变可以通过预先给予锂(腹腔注射47.5毫克/千克锂,每天两次,连续7天)来预防,锂作为一种有效的情绪稳定剂,可以预防躁狂。电化学结果显示,脑室内注射乌本苷增强了mPFC中的多巴胺释放,这不受预先给予锂的影响。这些发现表明,mPFC中的突触可塑性和多巴胺释放的改变可能是乌本苷注射诱导的双相躁狂伴随的mPFC功能障碍的基础。
Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of ouabain, a specific Na-K-ATPase inhibitor, in rats mimics the manic phenotypes of bipolar disorder and thus has been proposed as one of the best animal models of mania. Bipolar mania has been known to be associated with dysfunctions of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain area critically involved in mental functions; however, the exact mechanism underlying these dysfunctions is not yet clear. The present study investigated synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, and dopamine release in Sprague-Dawley rat mPFC following ICV administration of ouabain (5 uL of 1 mM ouabain). The electrophysiological results demonstrated that ouabain depressed the short- and the long-term synaptic plasticity, represented by paired-pulse facilitation and long-term potentiation, respectively, in the mPFC. These ouabain-induced alterations in synaptic plasticity can be prevented by pre-treatment with lithium (intraperitoneal injection of 47.5 mg/kg lithium, twice a day, 7 days), which acts as an effective mood stabilizer in preventing mania. The electrochemical results demonstrated that ICV administration of ouabain enhanced dopamine release in the mPFC, which was not affected by pre-treatment with lithium. These findings suggested that alterations in synaptic plasticity and dopamine release in the mPFC might underlie the dysfunctions of mPFC accompanied with ouabain administration-induced bipolar mania.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)是一种众所周知且研究充分的神经生长因子。BDNF的大多数生物学效应是通过激活TrkB受体介导的。这种神经生长因子调节多种神经元功能,如细胞增殖、存活和分化。哇巴因是一种与Na(+)/K(+) ATP酶结合的类固醇,能够诱导多种细胞内信号通路的激活。我们团队之前的数据表明,哇巴因处理能够增加视网膜神经节细胞(RGC)的存活率。目前研究的目的是评估这种强心苷是否能与BDNF(视网膜神经节细胞的经典营养因子)产生协同效应,并研究涉及的细胞内信号通路。我们的工作表明,Src、PLC和PKCdelta的激活参与了50 ng/mL BDNF介导的信号级联,因为它们的选择性抑制剂完全阻断了BDNF的营养效应。我们还证明了当同时使用哇巴因(0.75 nM)和BDNF(10 ng/mL)时,对RGC存活有协同效应。此外,参与这种协同效应的信号通路包括Src、PLC、PKCdelta和JNK。我们的结果表明,哇巴因和BDNF之间的协同作用是通过激活Src通路、JNK、PLC和PKCdelta实现的。
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a well-known and well-studied neurotrophin. Most biological effects of BDNF are mediated by the activation of TrkB receptors. This neurotrophin regulates several neuronal functions as cell proliferation, viability, and differentiation. Ouabain is a steroid that binds to the Na(+)/K(+) ATPase, inducing the activation of several intracellular signaling pathways. Previous data from our group described that ouabain treatment increases retinal ganglion cells survival (RGC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate, if this cardiac glycoside can have a synergistic effect with BDNF, the classical trophic factor for retinal ganglion cells, as well as investigate the intracellular signaling pathways involved. Our work demonstrated that the activation of Src, PLC, and PKCdelta participates in the signaling cascade mediated by 50 ng/mL BDNF, since their selective inhibitors completely blocked the trophic effect of BDNF. We also demonstrated a synergistic effect on RGC survival when we concomitantly used ouabain (0.75 nM) and BDNF (10 ng/mL). Moreover, the signaling pathways involved in this synergistic effect include Src, PLC, PKCdelta, and JNK. Our results suggest that the synergism between ouabain and BDNF occurs through the activation of the Src pathway, JNK, PLC, and PKCdelta.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
当前研究旨在调查情绪稳定剂(特别是锂和丙戊酸)对大鼠在哇巴因诱导的躁狂动物模型中大脑线粒体超氧阴离子、脂质过氧化和细胞死亡信号通路相关蛋白的影响。Wistar大鼠在13天内每天两次接受锂、丙戊酸或生理盐水处理。治疗的第7天,动物接受了一次单侧脑室内注射哇巴因或人工脑脊液(aCSF)。在脑室内注射后,继续使用情绪稳定剂治疗6天。使用开阔场测试测量大鼠的运动活动。此外,我们通过免疫印迹分析了氧化应激参数,特别是大鼠大脑中磷酸化p53(pp53)、BAX和Bcl-2的水平。锂和丙戊酸逆转了与哇巴因相关的过度活跃。哇巴因降低了大鼠大脑中的Bcl-2水平,并增加了氧化应激参数BAX和pp53。锂和丙戊酸改善了这些哇巴因诱导的细胞功能障碍;然而,情绪稳定剂的效果取决于所分析的蛋白质和大脑区域。这些发现表明,Na(+)/K(+)-ATP酶可能是氧化损伤与随后在双相情感障碍中观察到的神经元和胶质密度减少之间的一个重要联系,并且锂和丙戊酸对哇巴因诱导的凋亡途径激活具有保护作用。
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of mood stabilizers, specifically lithium (Li) and valproate (VPA), on mitochondrial superoxide, lipid peroxidation, and proteins involved in cell death signaling pathways in the brains of rats subjected to the ouabain-induced animal model of mania. Wistar rats received Li, VPA, or saline twice a day for 13 days. On the 7th day of treatment, the animals received a single intracerebroventricular injection of ouabain or aCSF. After the ICV injection, the treatment with mood stabilizers continued for 6 additional days. The locomotor activity of rats was measured using the open-field test. In addition, we analyzed oxidative stress parameters, specifically levels of phosphorylated p53 (pp53), BAX and Bcl-2 in the brain of rats by immunoblot. Li and VPA reversed ouabain-related hyperactivity. Ouabain decreased Bcl-2 levels and increased the oxidative stress parameters BAX and pp53 in the brains of rats. Li and VPA improved these ouabain-induced cellular dysfunctions; however, the effects of the mood stabilizers were dependent on the protein and brain region analyzed. These findings suggest that the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase can be an important link between oxidative damage and the consequent reduction of neuronal and glial density, which are both observed in BD, and that Li and VPA exert protective effects against ouabain-induced activation of the apoptosis pathway.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may prevent heart failure or optimize drug treatments by improving cardiac contraction. We studied whether DHA-enriched avian glycerophospholipids (GPL-DHA) have cardioprotective effects in rats treated with ouabain after 4 weeks of dietary supplementation with 10, 35, or 60 mg DHA per kg body weight compared to no supplementation (DHA10, DHA35, DHA60, and control groups, respectively). The responsiveness of contraction to different doses of ouabain (10(-7) to 10(-4) M), ouabain intoxication (at 3 X 10(-4) M), and relative changes in cardiac energy metabolism were determined using (31)P NMR in isolated perfused rat hearts. The fatty acid composition of cardiac membranes was analyzed by gas chromatography. DHA accumulation in the heart was dose-dependent (+8%, +30%, and +45% for DHA10, DHA35, and DHA60, respectively). The cardiac phosphocreatine content significantly increased at baseline in DHA35 (+45%) and DHA60 groups (+85%), and at different doses of ouabain in the DHA60 group (+73% to 98%). The maximum positive inotropy achieved at 10(-4) M ouabain was significantly increased in all DHA groups compared to control (+150%, +122.5%, and +135% for DHA10, DHA35, and DHA60, respectively), and ouabain intoxication was delayed. The increase in myocardial phosphocreatine content and the improved efficacy of ouabain on myocardial contraction without toxicity suggest the potential of GPL-DHA as a dietary supplement or ingredient for functional food, and possibly as a co-treatment with digitalis drugs in humans.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) might prevent heart failure or optimize drug treatments by improving cardiac contraction. We investigated whether DHA-enriched avian glycerophospholipids (GPL-DHA) exert cardioprotection in ouabain-treated rats after 4 weeks of dietary supplementation with 10, 35 or 60 mg DHA per kg body weight versus none (DHA10, DHA35, DHA60 and control groups, respectively). The contractile responsiveness to different doses of ouabain (10(-7) to 10(-4) M), ouabain intoxication (at 3 X 10(-4) M), and relative variations in cardiac energy metabolism were determined using (31)P NMR in isolated perfused rat hearts. The fatty acid composition of cardiac membranes was analyzed by gas chromatography. DHA accretion in the heart was dose-dependent (+8%, +30% and +45% for DHA10, DHA35 and DHA60, respectively). The cardiac phosphocreatine content significantly increased at the baseline in DHA35 (+45%) and DHA60 groups (+85%), and at the different doses of ouabain in the DHA60 group (+73% to 98%). The maximum positive inotropy achieved at 10(-4) M ouabain was significantly increased in all DHA groups versus control (+150%, +122.5% and +135% for DHA10, DHA35 and DHA60, respectively), and ouabain intoxication was delayed. The increase in myocardial phosphocreatine content and the improved efficacy of ouabain on myocardial contraction without toxicity suggest the potential of GPL-DHA as a dietary supplement or ingredient for functional food, and possibly as a co-treatment with digitalis drugs in humans.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
洋地黄苷,是一种固体,是一种常用于实验室的心脏糖苷,用于心脏肌细胞的电生理实验。它曾被用作药物和兽药。人类暴露和毒性:已经描述了洋地黄诱导的人类胶质瘤细胞产生反应性氧种和细胞凋亡。使用(3)H洋地黄检测到的洋地黄结合位点在临界高血压受试者中显著增加,而与遗传无关。内源性洋地黄水平在人类原发性高血压中增加。动物研究:动物和离体视网膜的电视网膜图显示,视网膜活动迅速降低。兔眼内注射可迅速致盲。据报道,猫的虹膜周围动脉可被洋地黄收缩。洋地黄是一种内源性Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase抑制剂,长期给药可引起高血压。在大鼠中,洋地黄治疗产生了与双相情感障碍相关的认知缺陷,这些缺陷独立于运动效应。生态毒理学研究:洋地黄抑制了氨(从基底外侧到顶侧)的流出,在分离的Carcinus鳃的制备中。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Ouabain, a solid, is a cardiac glycoside commonly used in the laboratory for electrophysiological experiments in cardiac myocytes. It has been used as medication and as a veterinary drug. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Ouabain-induced reactive oxygen species generation and cell apoptosis on human glioma cells has been described. The number of ouabain binding sites, detected using (3)H ouabain, were significantly increased in the borderline hypertensive subjects irrespective of heredity. Endogenous ouabain levels increase in human essential hypertension. ANIMAL STUDIES: Retinal activity measured by electroretinography in animals and in isolated retinas has been shown to be rapidly reduced by exposure to ouabain. Intravitreal injection in rabbits has caused rapid loss of vision. In cats circumferential artery of iris is reported to be constricted by ouabain. Ouabain is an endogenous Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor whose chronic administration induces hypertension. Ouabain treatment in rats produced cognitive deficits independent of locomotor effects associated with bipolar disorder. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Ouabain inhibited the efflux of ammonia (from the basolateral to the apical side) in preparation of isolated Carcinus gills.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
静脉注射的哇巴因在注射后立即生效,5分钟后达到最大效果,持续5-7小时,然后迅速下降。
The effect of i.v.-administered ouabain starts immediately after injection, reaches a maximum after 5 min, last 5-7 hr and then rapidly declines.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
它从消化道吸收不良,大部分口服剂量似乎被破坏。
It is poorly absorbed from alimentary tract, where much of oral dose appears to be destroyed.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
四、7和10%的(3)H-哇巴因在给豚鼠口服给药后1、5和15小时分别被吸收。在每个3个剂量水平上,吸收百分比是恒定的。...在人体中也得到了类似的结果。...它通过被动扩散从大鼠的胃肠道吸收。肌内剂量(im剂量)的吸收可能更多地取决于组织-血液流动,而不是扩散速率...大鼠30分钟胆汁中有67%的静脉剂量(iv剂量)被排泄。...它从肝脏主动运输到胆汁,而用四氯化碳预处理的大鼠通过抑制这种运输减少了胆汁排泄。
Four, 7 and 10% of (3)H-ouabain had been absorbed 1, 5 and 15 hr respectively after oral administration to guinea pigs. Percentage absorbed was constant at each of 3 dose levels. ... Similar results obtained in man. ... /It/ was absorbed from GI tract of rats by passive diffusion. Absorption of im dose probably depended more on tissue-blood flow than on rates of diffusion ... 67% of iv dose was excreted in 30-min bile of rats. ... /It/ was actively transported from liver to bile, and carbon tetrachloride pretreatment of rats reduced biliary excretion by depressing this transport.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
静脉注射后,大鼠对哇巴因的血浆清除速度远快于兔和狗。在静脉给药后20分钟测定的血浆、胆汁和肝脏中的放射性水平表明,大鼠的胆汁与血浆浓度比率为1500,而兔(2.9)和狗(9.3)的同一比率要低得多。大鼠的肝脏/血浆和胆汁/肝脏浓度比率(分别为20和71)也远高于兔(2.5和1.3)或狗(3.3和2.7)。这种种间差异被认为是大鼠相对于兔和狗对哇巴因毒性效应抵抗力的重要因素。
Plasma clearance of ouabain following iv admin was much faster in rat than in rabbit or dog. Levels of radioactivity in plasma, bile, and liver ... determined 20 min after iv administration ... showed that rat exhibited overall bile to plasma concentration ratio of 1500, whereas same ratio was much less for rabbit (2.9) and dog (9.3). Liver/plasma and bile/liver concentration ratios ... were ... much greater in rat (20 and 71) than in rabbit (2.5 and 1.3) or dog (3.3 and 2.7). This species variation is thought to be important factor in resistance of rat to toxic effects of ouabain relative to rabbit and dog.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)