申请人:——
公开号:US20040059148A1
公开(公告)日:2004-03-25
The invention relates to a method for producing hydrolysis-stable ammonium nitriles by reacting a compound of formula (1), wherein R
1
, R
2
, and R
3
are identical or different and represent linear or branched C
1
-C
24
-alkyl groups, C
2
-C
24
-alkenyl groups, substituted or non-substituted benzyl or C
1
-C
4
-alkoxy-C
1
-C
4
-alkyl groups, or wherein R
1
and R
2
, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a ring with 4 to 6 C-atoms which can be substituted with C
1
-C
5
alkyl, C
1
-C
5
alkoxy, C
1
-C
5
alkanoyl, phenyl, amino, ammonium, cyano, cyanamino, chlorine or bromine and which can contain in addition to the nitrogen atom, instead of the carbon atoms, one or two oxygen or nitrogen atoms, a group N—R
6
or a group R
3
—N—R
6
, wherein R6 is hydrogen, C
1
-C
5
-alkyl. C
2
-C
5
-alkenyl, C
2
-C
5
-alkinyl, phenyl, C
7
-C
9
-aralkyl, C
5
-C
7
-cycloalkyl. C
1
-C
6
-alkanoyl, cyanomethyl or cyan, R
4
and R
5
are hydrogen, C
1
-C
4
-alkyl, C
1
-C
4
-alkenyl. C
1
-C
4
-alkoxy-C
1
-C
4
-alkyl, phenyl or C
1
-C
3
-alkylphenyl, preferably hydrogen, methyl or phenyl, R
4
especially meaning hydrogen when R
5
does not mean hydrogen, and X represents an anion; with an alkaline or ammonium salt of an alkane sulfonate, paraffin sulfonate, aryl sulfonate, alcohol sulfate or fatty acid alkyl carboxylate in the presence of water, at a high temperature.
1
本发明涉及一种生产水解稳定的腈铵的方法,该方法通过使式(1)化合物(其中 R
1
, R
2
和 R
3
相同或不同,代表线性或支链 C
1
-C
24
-烷基、C
2
-C
24
-烯基、取代或非取代苄基或 C
1
-C
4
-烷氧基-C
1
-C
4
-烷基,或其中 R
1
和 R
2
与它们所结合的氮原子一起,形成一个具有 4 至 6 个 C 原子的环,该环可被 C
1
-C
5
烷基、C
1
-C
5
烷氧基、C
1
-C
5
烷酰基、苯基、氨基、铵、氰基、氰氨基、氯或溴,除氮原子外,还可包含一个或两个氧原子或氮原子,取代碳原子的基团 N-R6
6
或一个基团 R
3
-N-R
6
其中 R6 是氢、C
1
-C
5
-烷基。C
2
-C
5
-烯基,C
2
-C
5
-烷基、苯基、C
7
-C
9
-芳烷基、C
5
-C
7
-环烷基。C
1
-C
6
-烷酰基、氰甲基或氰基,R
4
和 R
5
是氢、C
1
-C
4
-烷基
1
-C
4
-烯基C
1
-C
4
-烷氧基-C
1
-C
4
-烷基、苯基或 C
1
-C
3
-烷基苯,最好是氢、甲基或苯基,R
4
尤其指氢,当 R
5
不代表氢,X 代表阴离子;与烷烃磺酸盐、石蜡磺酸盐、芳基磺酸盐、醇硫酸盐或脂肪酸烷基羧酸盐的碱性盐或铵盐在水的存在下,在高温下反应。
1