作者:Mohammad Najlah、Sally Freeman、Mouhamad Khoder、David Attwood、Antony D’Emanuele
DOI:10.3390/molecules22101661
日期:——
The present study compares the use of high generation G3 and low generation G0 Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers as drug carriers of naproxen (NAP), a poorly water soluble drug. Naproxen was conjugated to G3 in different ratios and to G0 in a 1:1 ratio via a diethylene glycol linker. A lauroyl chain (L), a lipophilic permeability enhancer, was attached to G3 and G0 prodrugs. The G3 and G0 conjugates were more hydrophilic than naproxen as evaluated by the measurement of partitioning between 1-octanol and a phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and pH 1.2. The unmodified surface PAMAM-NAP conjugates showed significant solubility enhancements of NAP at pH 1.2; however, with the number of NAP conjugated to G3, this was limited to 10 molecules. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay indicated that the G3 dendrimer conjugates had a concentration dependent toxicity towards Caco-2 cells. Attaching naproxen to the surface of the dendrimer increased the IC50 of the resulting prodrugs towards Caco-2 cells. The lauroyl G3 conjugates showed the highest toxicity amongst the PAMAM dendrimer conjugates investigated and were significantly more toxic than the lauroyl-G0-naproxen conjugates. The permeability of naproxen across monolayers of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased by its conjugation to either G3 or G0 PAMAM dendrimers. Lauroyl-G0 conjugates displayed considerably lower cytotoxicity than G3 conjugates and may be preferable for use as a drug carrier for low soluble drugs such as naproxen.
本研究比较了高代(G3)和低代(G0)聚酰胺胺(PAMAM)树枝状聚合物作为难溶于水药物萘普生(NAP)的药物载体的使用。萘普生通过二乙烯二醇链接器与G3以不同的比率结合,与G0以1:1的比率结合。一个月桂酰链(L),作为亲脂性通透性增强剂,被附加到G3和G0前药上。G3和G0结合物的亲水性比萘普生更强,评估通过在pH 7.4和pH 1.2下的1-辛醇和磷酸盐缓冲液之间的分配测量得出。未修饰的表面PAMAM-NAP结合物在pH 1.2下显示了萘普生的显著溶解度增强;然而,当结合到G3上的NAP数量达到10个分子时,这种增强是有限的。乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)测定表明,G3树枝状聚合物结合物对Caco-2细胞具有浓度依赖性的毒性。将萘普生附加到树枝状聚合物的表面增加了所得前药对Caco-2细胞的IC50值。月桂酰-G3结合物在所研究的PAMAM树枝状聚合物结合物中显示出最高的毒性,且其毒性显著高于月桂酰-G0-萘普生结合物。萘普生与G3或G0 PAMAM树枝状聚合物结合后,其通过Caco-2细胞单层的通透性显著增加。月桂酰-G0结合物的细胞毒性明显低于G3结合物,因此可能更适合用作像萘普生这样低溶解度药物的载体。