N-methyl-N-phenylpyrazin-2-amine

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氮化合物
• 英文名称: N-methyl-N-phenylpyrazin-2-amine
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₁N₃
• 分子量: 185.228
• InChiKey: LJNLVAUDOJITAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.5
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.09
• 拓扑面积：
  29
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  N-methyl-N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamide 在 potassium phosphate 、 nickel dichloride 、 1,3-双(2,6-二异丙基苯基)氯化咪唑鎓 作用下， 以 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 48.0h， 以97%的产率得到N-methyl-N-phenylpyrazin-2-amine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  使用镍催化的脱羰胺化反应，通过CO挤出分子内重组片段偶联，由酰胺合成of。

  摘要：

  首次建立了由酰胺催化合成synthesis的方法。新开发的CO挤出重组工艺利用了廉价的镍（II）催化剂，并可以高效地提供相应的s。分子内片段偶联显示出优异的化学选择性，从容易获得的酰胺开始，并提供了有价值的alternative合成方案。

  DOI：

  10.1002/chem.201702867

文献信息

• Application of a 2-aryl indenylphosphine ligand in the Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling reactions of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides under the solvent-free and aqueous conditions
  作者：Yan Liu、Jia Yuan、Zi-Fei Wang、Si-Hao Zeng、Meng-Yue Gao、Mei-Lin Ruan、Jian Chen、Guang-Ao Yu

  DOI：10.1039/c7ob01199g

  日期：——

  An efficient solvent-free protocol for the Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling reaction of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides with primary and secondary amines using the Pd(dba)2/ligand 1 catalytic system has been developed. Notably, the catalytic system also efficiently catalyzed the reaction under aqueous conditions.

  使用Pd（dba）2 /配体1催化系统开发了一种有效的无溶剂方案，用于芳基和杂芳基氯化物与伯胺和仲胺的布赫瓦尔德-哈特维格交叉偶联反应。值得注意的是，催化体系还可以在水性条件下有效地催化反应。
• Buchwald-Hartwig Amination of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides by Employing Mor-DalPhos under Aqueous and Solvent-Free Conditions
  作者：Bennett J. Tardiff、Mark Stradiotto

  DOI：10.1002/ejoc.201200510

  日期：2012.7

  catalyst system in the Buchwald–Hartwig amination of (hetero)aryl chlorides with primary or secondary amines conducted either under aqueous conditions without the use of co-solvents and/or surfactants or under solvent-free conditions (52 examples). We have established that reactions of this type can be conducted without the rigorous exclusion of air, and in the case of the solvent-free reactions, we have

  我们报告了 [Pd(cinnamyl)Cl]2/Mor-DalPhos 催化剂体系在（杂）芳基氯化物与伯胺或仲胺的 Buchwald-Hartwig 胺化中的应用，该胺化反应在水性条件下进行，不使用共溶剂和/或表面活性剂或在无溶剂条件下（52 个例子）。We have established that reactions of this type can be conducted without the rigorous exclusion of air, and in the case of the solvent-free reactions, we have demonstrated that appropriately selected liquid and solid reagents can be employed successfully.
• The First Rapid Palladium-Catalyzed Aminations of (Azahetero)aryl Chlorides under Temperature-Controlled Microwave Heating
  作者：Bert U. Maes、Kristof T. Loones、Guy L. Lemière、Roger A. Dommisse

  DOI：10.1055/s-2003-41475

  日期：——

  Fast palladium-catalyzed aminations of activated and unactivated azaheteroaryl chlorides as well as unactivated aryl chlorides have been achieved using temperature-controlled microwave heating. Good yields (75-91%) were obtained in a reaction time of only 10 minutes.

  采用温度控制的微波加热技术，成功实现了活化与非活化氮杂杂芳基氯及非活化芳基氯的快速钯催化氨化反应。反应时间仅需10分钟，即可获得良好的产率（75%至91%）。
• Pd-Catalyzed Aryl Amination Mediated by Well Defined, N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)–Pd Precatalysts, PEPPSI
  作者：Michael G. Organ、Mirvat Abdel-Hadi、Stephanie Avola、Igor Dubovyk、Niloufar Hadei、Eric Assen B. Kantchev、Christopher J. O'Brien、Mahmoud Sayah、Cory Valente

  DOI：10.1002/chem.200701621

  日期：2008.3.7

  Pd-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig amination protocols mediated by Pd-PEPPSI precatalysts is described. These protocols provide access to a range of hindered and functionalized drug-like aryl amines in high yield with both electron-deficient and electron-rich aryl- and heteroaryl chlorides and bromides. Variations in solvent polarity, base and temperature are tolerated, enhancing

  描述了由Pd-PEPPSI预催化剂介导的Pd-N-杂环卡宾（NHC）催化的Buchwald-Hartwig胺化方案。这些方案可提供高收率的一系列受阻和功能化的药物样芳基胺，以及缺电子和富电子的芳基氯化物和杂芳基氯化物和溴化物。溶剂极性，碱和温度的变化是可以容忍的，从而增强了该协议的范围和实用性。还提供了对基础强度（pKb）要求的机械合理性。
• Metal-Free, Redox-Neutral, Site-Selective Access to Heteroarylamine via Direct Radical–Radical Cross-Coupling Powered by Visible Light Photocatalysis
  作者：Chao Zhou、Tao Lei、Xiang-Zhu Wei、Chen Ye、Zan Liu、Bin Chen、Chen-Ho Tung、Li-Zhu Wu

  DOI：10.1021/jacs.0c07600

  日期：2020.9.30

  common structure found in drug agents, natural products and fine chemicals. Reported herein is an alternative access to heteroarylamine via radical-radical cross-coupling pathway, powered by visible light catalysis without any aid of external oxidant and reductant. Only by visible light irradiation of a photocatalyst such as a metal-free photocatalyst, a cascade single electron transfer event of amines

  过渡金属催化的 CN 键形成反应已成为构建芳胺的基本和强大工具，芳胺是药物、天然产物和精细化学品中的常见结构。本文报道了一种通过自由基-自由基交叉偶联途径获得杂芳胺的替代途径，由可见光催化提供动力，无需任何外部氧化剂和还原剂的帮助。只有通过光催化剂（如无金属光催化剂）的可见光照射，胺和杂芳基腈的级联单电子转移事件，通过稳态和瞬态光谱研究证明，在原位产生胺自由基阳离子和芳基阴离子CN 键的形成。一系列可用胺的 CN 交叉偶联的无金属和氧化还原经济性质、高效率和位点选择性，