Kinetic effects in water and ethylene glycol. Application to high pressure organic synthesis
作者:Ge´rard Jenner、Ridha Ben Salem
DOI:10.1039/b000241k
日期:——
The kinetic effect of various Diels–Alder and Michael reactions is studied in water and ethylene glycol vs. organic solvents. The rate enhancement is considerable in water, much less in ethylene glycol. It is proposed that strong solvophobic interactions operate in water whereas the kinetic results in glycol are best explained by
hydrogen bonding and polarity effects. From a synthetic point of view, use of the properties of water (hydrophobic
interactions) or ethylene glycol (ionogenic medium) associated with the kinetic effect of high pressure may constitute an interesting multiactivation method to increase chemical reactivity. Examples of triactivation (high pressure catalytic Diels–Alder reactions in ethylene glycol) are given.
Ioffe,B.V.; Tsibul'skii,V.V., Journal of Organic Chemistry USSR (English Translation), 1967, vol. 3, p. 1857
作者:Ioffe,B.V.、Tsibul'skii,V.V.
DOI:——
日期:——
The cause of the rate acceleration by diethyl ether solutions of lithium perchlorate (LPDE) in organic reactions. Application to high pressure synthesis
作者:Gérard Jenner、Ridha Ben Salem
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(97)00172-5
日期:1997.3
Kinetic studies of isoprene cyclodimerization show that the accelerating effect caused by LPDE (solution of lithium perchlorate in diethyl ether) in some organic reactions cannot be ascribed to internal pressure of LPDE. The kinetic effect is essentially due to catalysis through Li+. Additional arguments are provided by comparison of yields obtained in LPDE (0,1 MPa) and in organic solvents (under