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lanthanum Oxide | 1312-81-8

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
lanthanum Oxide
英文别名
Lanthanum Oxide Nanopowder;oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum
lanthanum Oxide化学式
CAS
1312-81-8
化学式
La2O3
mdl
——
分子量
325.809
InChiKey
KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    2315 °C
  • 沸点:
    4200 °C
  • 密度:
    6.51 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
  • 闪点:
    4200°C
  • 溶解度:
    不溶于水;溶于稀酸溶液
  • LogP:
    b/nm

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.31
  • 重原子数:
    5
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    43.4
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    3

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险品标志:
    Xi
  • 安全说明:
    S26,S39
  • 危险类别码:
    R36
  • WGK Germany:
    1
  • 海关编码:
    2846901200,28469000
  • 危险品运输编号:
    NONH for all modes of transport
  • RTECS号:
    OE5330000

SDS

SDS:7675f891aa7dc70b82a3f8d259bbeb58
查看

制备方法与用途

氧化镧 性质

氧化镧是镧(III)的氧化物,为白色粉末状物质,具有相对密度6.51(15/4℃),熔点2307℃及沸点4200℃。它不溶于冷水,在热水中转变成氢氧化镧,并能与稀无机酸反应生成相应的镧盐;不溶于丙酮。它还能够与氢氧化钠共熔生成四镧酸钠,遇空气中的二氧化碳会变成碳酸镧。

氧化镧主要由灼烧草酸镧、硝酸镧、碳酸镧或氢氧化镧制得,并广泛用于分析试剂和耐火材料,还可应用于制造光学玻璃、工艺陶瓷、煤气灯罩及特种合金等。

应用 制造特种合金

氧化镧在特种合金的制造过程中发挥着重要作用,可以提高合金性能和稳定性。

精密光学玻璃

它是精密光学玻璃的重要成分之一,有助于提高玻璃透明度和光学性能。

高折射光学纤维板

作为高折射光学纤维板添加剂使用时,可改善其光学性能。

摄影机、照相机、显微镜镜头

适用于制造摄影机、照相机及显微镜的镜头,提升光学设备的性能与清晰度。

高级光学仪器棱镜

用于高级光学仪器中制造棱镜,有助于提高仪器精度和性能。

陶瓷电容器

可以用于制造陶瓷电容器,改善其稳定性和耐用性。

压电陶瓷掺入剂

在压电陶瓷的制备过程中,可用作掺入剂以改善陶瓷性质。

X射线发光材料

在X射线发光材料中发挥作用,可用于制造溴氧化镧粉等材料。

催化剂

用作多种反应催化剂,如一氧化碳的催化氧化和一氧化碳加氢生成甲烷反应。

铁氧体磁体

通过浸渗氧化锂或氧化锆(1%)的氧化镧来制造铁氧体磁体以提高其性能。

甲烷氧化偶联

作为有效的选择性催化剂用于甲烷氧化偶联反应,生成乙烷和乙烯等产物。

改进铁电体的性能

还可用于改进钛酸钡、钛酸锶等铁电体的温度相依性和介电性质。

毒性

参照氧化铈产品毒性信息。

化学性质

白色斜方晶系或无定形粉末。溶于酸、乙醇和氯化铵,不溶于水和酮。

用途

主要用作制造精密光学玻璃及光导纤维的原料,在电子工业中作为陶瓷电容器和压电陶瓷掺入剂。还可用作制备硼化镧的原料以及石油分离精制催化剂。

生产方法

萃取法中的原料为除铈后的硝酸稀土溶液,大约含LaO3 50%、CeO2微量、Pr6O11 6%-7%,Nd2O3 30%。配制成ΣRxOy 溶液浓度约320-330g/L,采用中性膦萃取剂甲基膦酸二甲庚酯(P350),以P350-煤油体系进行35~38级的萃取分离,分离镧与其他稀土元素。含镧的萃余液经氨水中和、草酸沉淀,过滤、灼烧后制得氧化镧成品。其生产过程涉及La2(C2O4)3 → La2O3 + 3CO2 + 3CO的化学反应。

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    lanthanum Oxide五氧化二钒 生成 lanthanum(III) orthovanadate
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Détermination des chaleurs de formation des orthovanadates de certains éléments des terres rares par la méthode d'analyse thermique différentielle
    摘要:
    DOI:
    10.1007/bf01928431
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文献信息

  • Synthesis and Characterization of the Electron-Doped Single-Layer Manganite La1.2Sr0.8MnO4−δ and Its Oxidized Phase La1.2Sr0.8MnO4+δ
    作者:R.K. Li、C. Greaves
    DOI:10.1006/jssc.2000.8735
    日期:2000.8
    The electron-doped single-layer manganite, La1.2Sr0.8MnO3.94, has been synthesized under reducing conditions. It has the K2NiF4 type structure (space group I4/mmm) with a unit cell of a=3.82698(2) Å and c=13.06858(7) Å. Magnetic susceptibility study of the as-synthesized sample shows a broad maximum at 110 K, which is attributed to an antiferromagnetic transition. When the sample is treated at 550°C
    在还原条件下合成了电子掺杂的单层锰矿La 1.2 Sr 0.8 MnO 3.94。它具有K 2 NiF 4型结构(空间群I 4 / mmm),其晶胞为a = 3.82698(2)Å和c = 13.06858(7)Å。合成样品的磁化率研究显示在110 K处有一个极大的最大值,这归因于反铁磁跃迁。当样品在550°C的空气中处理时,会引入间隙氧,导致组成为La 1.2 Sr 0.8 MnO 4.27的氧化相。氧化导致在ab平面上膨胀(a = 3.93477(5)Å)和沿c轴的大收缩(c = 12.5237(2)Å)。尽管La 1.2 Sr 0.8 MnO 4.27在高温下表现出铁磁性Mn-Mn相互作用,但在低温下它们不会导致任何长程磁序。取而代之的是,在冻结温度为T f = 19.5 K时观察到了旋转玻璃行为。
  • Systematic Structural Change in Selected Rare Earth Oxide Pyrochlores as Determined by Wide-Angle CBED and a Comparison with the Results of Atomistic Computer Simulation
    作者:Yasunori Tabira、Ray L. Withers、Licia Minervini、Robin W. Grimes
    DOI:10.1006/jssc.2000.8712
    日期:2000.8
    characteristic of the pyrochlore structure type has been determined for selected rare earth zirconate and titanate pyrochlores via a systematic row wide-angle CBED technique and shown to vary systematically with rare earth ion size. In the case of the titanate pyrochlore Gd2Ti2O7, the obtained results contrast with previously published X-ray results. Atomistic computer simulation is used to predict the
    通过系统的行广角CBED技术,已为选定的稀土锆酸盐和钛酸盐烧绿石确定了烧绿石结构类型的未知氧原子分数坐标特征,并且显示出随稀土离子尺寸的变化。在钛酸盐烧绿石Gd 2 Ti 2 O 7的情况下,获得的结果与以前发表的X射线结果形成对比。原子计算机模拟用于预测范围广泛的氧化物烧绿石的相同参数的值。将计算值与实验确定的值进行比较表明,尽管似乎系统地低估了所观察到的值(约0.007)及其随稀土离子尺寸的变化率,但总体趋势仍可正确预测。阳离子抗部位疾病被认为是这些差异的根源。
  • Cation Disorder in Three-Layer Aurivillius Phases: Structural Studies of Bi2−xSr2+xTi1−xNb2+xO12 (0<x<0.8) and Bi4−xLaxTi3O12 (x=1 and 2)
    作者:C.H. Hervoches、P. Lightfoot
    DOI:10.1006/jssc.2000.8741
    日期:2000.8
    The solid solutions Bi2−xSr2+xTi1−xNb2+xO12 (0
    固溶体Bi 2- x Sr 2+ x Ti 1- x Nb 2+ x O 12(0 < x <0.6)。(1)和Bi 4- x La x Ti 3 O 12(x = 1和2)(2)已通过粉末X射线和中子衍射的组合进行了详细分析。两种固溶体均采用母体相Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12的原型三层Aurivillius相结构的四方变体。(1)的X射线研究清楚表明,与先前的假设相反,Sr 2+即使在化学计量组成Bi 2 Sr 2 TiNb 2 O 12的情况下,部分取代也可[Bi 2 O 2 ]层,在x = 0.6时最大取代量约为30%。中子研究表明,该位点中的Sr 2+比Bi 3+具有更大的各向同性配位环境,从而稳定了这种意料之外的疾病。已显示出这种紊乱是由对萤石状和钙钛矿状层的尺寸匹配的要求驱使的。在Bi 2 La 2 Ti 3 O 12中也发现了类似的无序水平,这是由于对La 3+ / Bi 3+位点的最佳局部配位环境的要求所致。
  • Environment Dependence of Metal or Ligand Oxidation in Copper Oxide Systems:  Evidence from Heats of Formation and <sup>7</sup>Li Solid State NMR Studies
    作者:P. Ganguly、T. N. Venkatraman、S. Pradhan、P. R. Rajamohanan、S. Ganapathy
    DOI:10.1021/jp952770g
    日期:1996.1.1
    The stability of the Cu3+ ion in an oxide matrix such as La(2)Li(0.5)M(0.5)(3+)O(4) (M = Cu, Ni, or Co) or La2-xSrxCu1-yLiyO4 (x = 0 or 0.15, y = 0 or 0.025) is examined. Heats of formation (as measured by solution calorimetry) and Li-7 NMR have been used for this purpose. I:rom the systematic nature of the reported heats of formation of binary compounds analyzed per ligand X ion, Delta H-X, arguments are presented for the existence of a maximum value of Delta H-X corresponding to a maximum ionicity (similar to 660 kJ/g at X). A scheme is then proposed to extract the heat of formation per oxygen, Delta H(Cu)(O), in the CuO1+delta component of ternary copper oxides of metals such as La, Ba, Li, etc. which have Delta H-O close to the maximum value. We then find that the value of Delta H(Cu)(O) in La2Li0.5Mo0.53+O4 (similar to 400 kJ/g at O) is very large relative to that in CuO (similar to 165 kJ/g at O) and suggests an ionic Cu3+-O2- linkage (metal oxidation). In La2-xSrxCuO4 the low value of Delta H(Cu)(O) is consistent with considerable O --> Cu charge transfer and creation of holes on oxygen. These conclusions are supported by Li-7 NMR studies which probe the local environment in the CuO matrix. Advantage is taken of the paramagnetic shifts of the resonance frequency in such anisotropic systems and the dual principal axes (quadrupolar and magnetic dipolar) interaction tensors to understand the Li-7 NMR. The main results of the NMR study are that in La(2)Li(0.5)M(0.5)O(4) systems the quadrupolar splitting of the Li-7 is nearly constant for all M ions indicating a similar LiO6 environment. When coupled with the Delta H(M)(O) data, this implies that there is little O --> M charge transfer. In La2-xSrxCu1-yLiyO4 on the other hand the Li-7 NMR shows three kinds of environments for the Li ions despite there being only a single crystallographic site. We suggest that at least one of these environments is due to the creation of holes on oxygen.
  • Anomalous magnetic properties and magnetic phase diagram of La1−xBaxMnO3
    作者:H.L Ju、Y.S Nam、J.E Lee、H.S Shin
    DOI:10.1016/s0304-8853(00)00429-7
    日期:2000.8
    The phase diagram of colossal magnetoresistive compounds La1-xBaxMnO3 (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1) was obtained for the first time through magnetization (5 K less than or equal to T less than or equal to 360 K, - 7T less than or equal to H less than or equal to 7T) and resistivity (100 K less than or equal to T less than or equal to 400 K) measurements. Unexpectedly, La1-xBaxMnO3 compounds were found to be ferromagnetic for all x with varying magnitude of saturation magnetization (M-S) with theoretically maximum M-S for 0.13 < x < 0.5 and reduced M-S for both x < 0.13 and x > 0.5. Near x = 0.5, the ground state changes from single phase ferromagnetic metallic state to multiphase ferromagnetic insulator state. In the two reduced M-S doping regimes of x < 0.13 and x > 0.5, the former showed an anomalous strong field history-dependent magnetization behavior, but the latter showed a rather conventional field history-dependent magnetization behavior. We discuss the possible causes of these differences and spin structures of La1-xBaxMnO3 compounds. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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