Radical Chain Reactions of α-Azido-β-keto Esters with Tributyltin Hydride. A Novel Entry to Amides and Lactams through Regiospecific Nitrogen Insertion
摘要:
A variety of acyclic and carbocyclic alpha-azido-beta-keto esters have been readily prepared from the parent dicarbonyl compounds, and their radical chain reactions with tributyltin hydride have been investigated. These reactions normally result in efficient production of alkoxycarbonyl-substituted amides and lactams and thence provide a new, useful method for regiospecific nitrogen insertion of keto ester compounds. The likely mechanism entails initial addition of tributylstannyl radical to the azido moiety to give a stannylaminyl radical, which readily undergoes intramolecular three-membered cyclization onto the ketone group to form an alkoxyl radical. The alkoxyl radical then undergoes regiospecific beta-scissian to form a stable ring-opened radical that is eventually reduced by tributyltin hydride to propagate the chain. With certain substrates, concomitant deazidation occurs to an important extent. This process, which is unusually observed in radical reactions of alkyl azides, is ascribed to addition of the stannyl radical to the terminal azido nitrogen; subsequent fragmentation of the ensuing 1,3-triazenyl adduct gives stannyl azide and a deazidated alkyl radical, resonance-stabilized by the adjacent carbonyl groups. The radical reactions of 2-azido-2-(ethoxy-carbonyl)-1-tetralone with allyltributylstannane and allyltriphenylstannane have also been investigated with the (missed) aim to achieve nitrogen insertion and concomitant allylation.
Advances in site-selective molecular editing have enabled structural modification on complex molecules.
位点选择性分子编辑技术的进步使复杂分子的结构得以改变。
Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Electrophilic Dearomative Azidation of β-Naphthols
作者:Chong-Ji Wang、Jian Sun、Wei Zhou、Jing Xue、Bing-Tao Ren、Guang-Yi Zhang、Yan-Le Mei、Qing-Hai Deng
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02604
日期:2019.9.20
The first example of copper-catalyzed enantioselective dearomative azidation of beta-naphthols using a readily available N-3-transfer reagent is reported. A series of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthamides bearing a complex N-substituent were converted to the corresponding products in high yields with up to 96% ee, and chiral 1-azido-2-hydroxy-1-naphthoates were obtained with up to 90% ee under mild reaction conditions. The azides could be further transformed into the corresponding 1,2,3-triazoles smoothly via "click" reaction.
A copper catalyzed azidation and peroxidation of β-naphthols via an oxidative dearomatization strategy
Dearomatizative azidation and peroxidation of [small beta]-naphthols have been explored using copper bromide as a catalyst. These reactions lead to highly valuable naphthalenone derivatives such as quaternary azide derivatives and quaternary...
Radical Chain Reactions of α-Azido-β-keto Esters with Tributyltin Hydride. A Novel Entry to Amides and Lactams through Regiospecific Nitrogen Insertion
A variety of acyclic and carbocyclic alpha-azido-beta-keto esters have been readily prepared from the parent dicarbonyl compounds, and their radical chain reactions with tributyltin hydride have been investigated. These reactions normally result in efficient production of alkoxycarbonyl-substituted amides and lactams and thence provide a new, useful method for regiospecific nitrogen insertion of keto ester compounds. The likely mechanism entails initial addition of tributylstannyl radical to the azido moiety to give a stannylaminyl radical, which readily undergoes intramolecular three-membered cyclization onto the ketone group to form an alkoxyl radical. The alkoxyl radical then undergoes regiospecific beta-scissian to form a stable ring-opened radical that is eventually reduced by tributyltin hydride to propagate the chain. With certain substrates, concomitant deazidation occurs to an important extent. This process, which is unusually observed in radical reactions of alkyl azides, is ascribed to addition of the stannyl radical to the terminal azido nitrogen; subsequent fragmentation of the ensuing 1,3-triazenyl adduct gives stannyl azide and a deazidated alkyl radical, resonance-stabilized by the adjacent carbonyl groups. The radical reactions of 2-azido-2-(ethoxy-carbonyl)-1-tetralone with allyltributylstannane and allyltriphenylstannane have also been investigated with the (missed) aim to achieve nitrogen insertion and concomitant allylation.