[(1R,2S,6S,9S,10R,11S,12S,14R,15S,19S,23S,25R)-1,10,11,12,14,23-hexahydroxy-6,10,19-trimethyl-24-oxa-4-azaheptacyclo[12.12.0.02,11.04,9.015,25.018,23.019,25]hexacosan-22-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 类固醇和类固醇衍生物
• 英文名称: [(1R,2S,6S,9S,10R,11S,12S,14R,15S,19S,23S,25R)-1,10,11,12,14,23-hexahydroxy-6,10,19-trimethyl-24-oxa-4-azaheptacyclo[12.12.0.02,11.04,9.015,25.018,23.019,25]hexacosan-22-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate
• 化学式: C₃₆H₅₁NO₁₁
• 分子量: 673.8
• InChiKey: FVECELJHCSPHKY-XHAQNIINSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1
• 重原子数：
  48
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  8.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.81
• 拓扑面积：
  179
• 氢给体数：
  6
• 氢受体数：
  12

ADMET

毒理性

• 相互作用

洋地黄毒苷对完整小龙虾（普卡摩巴库斯克氏原螯虾）轴突静息膜电位的影响及不同细胞外碱土金属阳离子存在下的作用研究，使用细胞内微电极。在细胞外pH值为7、6和5的条件下，明显的结合顺序是Ca2+大于或等于Sr2+大于Mg2+约等于Ba2+。

THE ACTION OF VERATRIDINE ON THE RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL OF INTACT CRAYFISH (PROCAMBARUS CLARKI) AXONS IN THE PRESENCE OF DIFFERENT EXTRACELLULAR ALKALINE-EARTH CATIONS WERE STUDIED USING INTRACELLULAR MICROELECTRODES. AT EXTRACELLULAR PH VALUES OF 7, 6, & 5, THE APPARENT BINDING SEQUENCE WAS CA2+ GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO SR2+ MORE THAN MG2+ APPROX BA2+.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

从藜芦中提取的十一种生物碱对乌贼和淡水龙虾巨大轴突的膜电位和电导率的影响进行了比较。它们可以分为三组。1) 藜芦碱、藜芦胺和藜芦原碱A和B会导致膜去极化。效力按此顺序递减，藜芦碱和藜芦胺产生50%最大去极化所需的浓度分别估计为3.3 x 10-5 M和3.7 x 10-3 M。藜芦碱引起的去极化主要是由于静息状态下膜对钠的通透性选择性增加，并且可以被河豚毒素拮抗。所有这些物质都能有效增强并延长负（去极化）后电位。2) 藜芦胺、异藜芦胺、Muldaimine（5-藜芦烷-3-β, 11-α-二醇-11-醋酸酯）和5-藜芦烷-3α-11α-二醇（1x10-4）能够阻断动作电位，而去极化很小或没有。5-藜芦烷-3-β, 11-α-二醇阻断钠和钾电导率的增加。3) 环丙胺、藜芦碱、藜芦胺和藜芦醇对静息电位和动作电位没有影响。这些效果的可能的构效关系进行了讨论。

Eleven alkaloids obtained from Veratrum have been compared for their effects on the membrane potential and conductances of squid and crayfish giant axons. They can be classed in three groups. 1) Veratridine, cevadine and protoveratrines A and B cause the membrane to depolarize. The potency decreases in that order, and the concentrations of veratridine and cevadine required for 50% maximum depolarization are estimated to be 3.3 x 10-5 M and 3.7 x 10-3 M, respectively. The depolarization by veratridine is due primarily to a selective increase in resting sodium permeability of time membrane and is antagonized by tetrodotoxin. All of them are effective in augmenting and prolonging the negative (depolarizing) afterpotential. 2) Veratramin, eisorubijervine, muldaimine (5-veratranine 3-beta, 11-alpha-diol-11-acetate) and 5-veratranine-3alpha-11alpha-diol (1x10-4) re capable of blocking the action potential with little or no depolarization. 5-Veratranine-3-beta, 11-alpha-diol blocks both sodium and potassium conductance increases. 3) Cyclopamine, jervine, rubijervine and veratrosine have no effect on the resting and action potentials. Possible structure-activity relationships for these effects are discussed.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

1X10-4摩尔的外部应用到乌贼轴突的藜芦碱导致膜的去极化。在初始去极化期间，由单一刺激引发的重复后放电随着膜的进一步去极化和动作电位的阻断而逐渐减少。去极化主要是由于膜静息钠渗透性的增加。

1X10-4 MOLAR VERATRIDINE APPLIED EXTERNALLY TO SQUID AXON CAUSED DEPOLARIZATION OF MEMBRANE. DURING INITIAL DEPOLARIZATION, REPETITIVE AFTERDISCHARGES INITIATED BY SINGLE STIMULUS SUBSIDED AS MEMBRANE FURTHER DEPOLARIZED & ACTION POTENTIAL BLOCKED. DEPOLARIZATION IS DUE PRIMARILY TO INCR IN RESTING SODIUM PERMEABILITY OF MEMBRANE.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

VERATRIDINE CAUSED DEPOLARIZATION OF EXCITABLE CELLS & PRODUCED MARKED ELEVATION OF ADENOSINE 3',5'-MONOPHOSPHATE (CYCLIC AMP) & GUANOSINE 3',5'-MONOPHOSPHATE (CYCLIC GMP) LEVELS IN INCUBATED SLICES OF MOUSE CEREBRAL CORTEX. 唯拉丁引起了可兴奋细胞的去极化，并在培养的小鼠大脑皮层切片中显著提高了腺苷3',5'-单磷酸（环磷酸腺苷）和鸟苷3',5'-单磷酸（环磷酸鸟苷）的水平。

VERATRIDINE CAUSED DEPOLARIZATION OF EXCITABLE CELLS & PRODUCED MARKED ELEVATION OF ADENOSINE 3',5'-MONOPHOSPHATE (CYCLIC AMP) & GUANOSINE 3',5'-MONOPHOSPHATE (CYCLIC GMP) LEVELS IN INCUBATED SLICES OF MOUSE CEREBRAL CORTEX.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

洋地黄毒素和相关生物碱中毒的症状包括流涎、腹泻、呕吐（即使是在牛身上）、多尿、兴奋后继以虚脱、脉搏弱而规律不齐、呼吸深而慢，最终可能会因抽搐或麻痹而死亡。新鲜根部的致死剂量在马身上是1克/千克，在牛身上是2克/千克。

SIGNS OF POISONING WITH VERATRINE AND RELATED ALKALOIDS ARE SALIVATION, PURGATION, VOMITING (EVEN IN THE COW), DIURESIS, EXCITABILITY FOLLOWED BY PROSTRATION, WEAK AND IRREGULAR PULSE, DEEP AND SLOW RESPIRATIONS, AND DEATH IN CONVULSIONS OR CONSEQUENTLY UPON PARALYSIS. THE LETHAL DOSE OF THE FRESH ROOT IS 1 G/KG IN THE HORSE AND 2 G/KG IN THE COW.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

给定的数据用于评估脂溶性、与人类白蛋白的结合以及口服给药后人体的尿排泄。讨论了结构-活性关系，包括脂溶性和药理性质。

DATA GIVEN FOR LIPID SOLUBILITY, BINDING TO HUMAN ALBUMIN, & URINARY EXCRETION AFTER ORAL ADMIN TO HUMANS. STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY CORRELATIONS ARE DISCUSSED WITH RESPECT TO LIPID SOLUBILITY & PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

文献信息

• [EN] MICROBIOCIDAL OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'OXADIAZOLE MICROBIOCIDES
  申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG

  公开号：WO2017157962A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-09-21

  Compounds of the formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, useful as a pesticides, especially fungicides.

  式(I)的化合物，其中取代基如权利要求1所定义，作为杀虫剂特别是杀菌剂有用。
• [EN] INSECTICIDAL TRIAZINONE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE TRIAZINONE INSECTICIDES
  申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG

  公开号：WO2013079350A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-06-06

  Compounds of the formula (I) or (I'), wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, are useful as pesticides.

  式(I)或(I')的化合物，其中取代基如权利要求1所定义的那样，可用作杀虫剂。
• SUBSTITUTED CYCLOHEXYLDIAMINES
  申请人：Zemolka Saskia

  公开号：US20090247591A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-10-01

  The invention relates to compounds that have an affinity to the μ-opioid receptor and the ORL 1-receptor, methods for their production, medications containing these compounds and the use of these compounds for the treatment of pain or other conditions.

  这项发明涉及具有亲和力与μ-阿片受体和ORL 1-受体的化合物，其生产方法，含有这些化合物的药物以及利用这些化合物治疗疼痛或其他疾病的用途。
• Novel insecticides
  申请人：Syngenta Participations AG

  公开号：EP2540718A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-01-02

  Compounds of formula I wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts and all stereoisomers and tautomeric forms of the compounds of formula I can be used as insecticides and can be prepared in a manner known per se.

  式I的化合物 其中取代基如权利要求1所定义，并且式I化合物的农药可接受盐以及所有立体异构体和互变异构形式可用作杀虫剂，并且可以按照已知的方法制备。
• [EN] QUINAZOLINES USEFUL AS MODULATORS OF ION CHANNELS<br/>[FR] QUINAZOLINES UTILISEES COMME MODULATEURS DE CANAUX IONIQUES
  申请人：VERTEX PHARMA

  公开号：WO2004078733A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-09-16

  The present invention relates to quinazoline compounds of formula (I) useful as inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium channels and calcium channels. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the compounds of the invention and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various disorders. or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein R1, X, R3, x, and ring A are as defined in the present application.

  本发明涉及式（I）的喹唑啉化合物，其作为电压门控钠通道和钙通道的抑制剂。该发明还提供了包括本发明化合物的药学上可接受的组合物，以及使用这些组合物治疗各种疾病的方法。或其药学上可接受的衍生物，其中R1、X、R3、x和环A如本申请中所定义。