Wavelength dependence of polyyne preparation by liquid-phase laser ablation using pellet targets
作者:Ryutaro Matsutani、Kohei Inoue、Noriyuki Wada、Kazuo Kojima
DOI:10.1039/c1cc00102g
日期:——
The amount of polyynes produced by Nd:YAG laser (355, 532, and 1064 nm) ablation of fullerene and graphite pellet targets was the largest for 1064 nm ablation, contrary to the powder target in the previous report. This result is believed to come from the difference in the main polyyne-production area in liquids in the optical cell, depending on the pellet and powder targets.
Submerged electric arc between graphite electrodes: a one-pot tool for the synthesis of long-chain polyynes in solution
作者:Franco Cataldo
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.10.100
日期:2004.1
Polyynes, a class of molecules described by the general formula H-(CdropC)(m)H (where m is an integer) can be synthesized using an electric arc between graphite electrodes submerged in an organic solvent such as methanol, n-hexane, n-dodecane, decahydronaphthalene or acetonitrile. When the electric are is used in acetonitrile at -40degreesC, polyyne chains of up to 18 carbon atoms (m = 9) have been produced together with monocyanopolyyne as by-product. The polyynes can be reduced to ene-ynes by shaking a hexane solution of them with Zn/HCl. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The simplest approach to prepare solutions of polyynes in hydrocarbons
作者:Franco Cataldo
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.03.160
日期:2005.5
Polyynes solutions having as main components C6H2 and C8H2 can be prepared in hydrocarbon solvents by hydrolyzing calcium carbide in an NH4Cl aqueous solution containing Cu(I)/Cu(II) salts. The polyynes are released into a hydrocarbon solvent by acidification with coned. HCl. Heptane solutions with polyynes concentration as high as 0.1 M can be easily prepared. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Polyynes and cyanopolyynes synthesis from the submerged electric arc: about the role played by the electrodes and solvents in polyynes formation
作者:Franco Cataldo
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2004.03.033
日期:2004.5
The products of the electric arc between graphite electrodes have been investigated by high performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) analysis in various media: distilled water, liquid nitrogen, methanol, ethanol, n-hexane and benzene. In distilled water, hydrogen capped polyynes H-(CdropC)(n)-H were the unique products demonstrating that carbon is supplied by the graphite electrodes while hydrogen is supplied by the solvent plasmalysis (in this case water plasmalysis). Arcing graphite electrodes in liquid nitrogen produces cyanopolyynes: NdropC-(CdropC)(n)-CdropN demonstrating that in this case the end groups of the polyyne chains are supplied by molecular nitrogen plasmalysis caused by the electric arc. Graphite arcing in methanol and ethanol produces very clean solutions (by-products negligible or absent) of hydrogen-capped polyynes with C8H2 as the main product accounting for more than 70 mol percent of the total polyyne concentration. By replacing graphite electrodes with titanium electrodes in methanol or in ethanol, polyynes are not formed at all; only trace amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected. When arcing with graphite electrodes is conducted in n-hexane or in benzene, polyyne formation is accompanied by a significant production of PAH, especially in benzene. These results have been rationalized in terms of carbonization or coking tendency of a given solvent. The effect of using titanium electrodes in place of graphite electrodes has been investigated also in n-hexane and in benzene as well as the effects of very high electric current intensity employed to ignite and sustain the submerged electric arc. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.