A spiropyran-acylhydrazone dyad: Uncovering another way of cleaving the Cspiro-O bond of the classical photochromic molecule
摘要:
Spiropyran, as famous molecular sensor, can transform from its closed forms into the corresponding opened merocyanine through C-spiro-O bond cleavage when an analyte attacks the spirocarbon or oxygen atom in the spiropyran. Herein, a spiropyran-acylhydrazone dyad 4 is synthesized followed by spiropyran-like 5 and nonspiropyran diacylhydrazone 6 obtained simultaneously, and its reactivity to nucleophiles is investigated. Thus a third attacking position, located at the carbon atom opposite to the oxygen connected to C-spiro, is found, which involves C-spiro-O bond cleavage and recombination. Consequently, a nucleophilic addition mechanism in spiropyran is proposed. 4 and 5 both can discriminate Mg2+ from Ca2+ with different response time and sensitivity, while non-spiropyran 6 does not respond to the two metal ions. This work not only discovers an outstanding sensor for discriminating Mg2+ from Ca2+, but also provides new insight for transforming and modifying spiropyrans.
Control of Imine Exchange Kinetics with Photoswitches to Modulate Self-Healing in Polysiloxane Networks by Light Illumination
作者:Michael Kathan、Petr Kovaříček、Christoph Jurissek、Antti Senf、Andre Dallmann、Andreas F. Thünemann、Stefan Hecht
DOI:10.1002/anie.201605311
日期:2016.10.24
Various aldehyde‐containing photoswitches have been developed whose reactivity toward amines can be controlled externally. A thermally stable bifunctional diarylethene, which in its ring‐closed form exhibits imine formation accelerated by one order of magnitude, was used as a photoswitchable crosslinker and mixed with a commercially available amino‐functionalized polysiloxane to yield a rubbery material
Both visual and ratiometric fluorescent sensor for Zn2+ based on spirobenzopyran platform
作者:Jian-Fa Zhu、Wing-Hong Chan、Albert W.M. Lee
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.02.031
日期:2012.4
A ratiometric fluorescent Zn2+ chemosensor, SPQH, based on spirobenzopyran platform, was synthesized. In aqueous HEPES 7.4 buffer solution, upon chelation with Zn(II), SPQH demonstrates high selectivity and subnanomolar sensitivity for zinc ion with 36-fold enhancement in the NIR fluorescence output. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reversible spiropyran-based chemosensor with pH-switches and application for bioimaging in living cells, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and zebrafish
Intracellular pH was tightly regulated in many biological processes in which cells must control pH changes within a precise range. Hence, tracing intracellular pH variation was important for understanding the physiological and pathological processes. Although fluorescent probes can be a necessary tool for detecting changes in pH, there are many limitations to existing probes, such as background interference, large cytotoxicity, and poor permeability, which need to be urgently overcome. In this work, a ratiometric and colorimetric chemosensor based on spiropyran (SP-DCCH) was fabricated for monitoring pH change using fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism. SP-DCCH has demonstrated the advantages of high sensitivity and selectivity, outstanding permeability and hypotoxicity. Moreover, SP-DCCH displays a pH-sensitive response from 1.68 to 7.21 (pKa = 4.87) and a linear response from pH 3.81 to 6.01, which was desirable for detecting pH change in living biosystem. As expected, the results confirmed that the response signal was pH-dependent and regulated via switchable forms between spiropyran and merocyanine. Spectacularly, SP-DCCH has successfully realized sensing and mapping pH in living cells, P. aeruginosa and zebrafish. The above results exhibited that SP-DCCH could be a powerful tool for sensing and visualizing pH in living systems.